Bargagna S, Millepiedi S, Floriani C, Costagli C, Massei F
Istituto di Neuropsichiatria dell'Infanzia e dell'Adolescenza, Università degli Studi, Pisa.
Minerva Pediatr. 1999 Jun;51(6):205-12.
In this study, personal experience as neuropsychiatric consultants in a pediatric hospital is reported. Infancy and adolescence neuropsychiatrics' and pediatricians' common aim is to evaluate a child in his entirety and to protect his physical and mental health.
327 patients (147 males and 180 females) aged ranged 0 to 18 years, address to hospital by their pediatricians from January 1993 to January 1998 have been evaluated.
Mental disorders have been diagnosed in 95% of the examined population (mental disorders classified by DSM IV criteria) the way in which mental disorders were distributed according to age and sex has been analyzed, and the therapeutic approaches discussed. Neuropsychiatric advice is requested especially for somatic and developmental disorders. Sex distribution is equal, apart from conduct disorders and pervasive developmental disorders, which are more frequent in males. Somatic, anxiety and mood disorders are more evident in children older than 6 years, developmental and neurological disorders are more evident in younger children.
Outpatient advice is a valid help to screen neuropsychiatric disorders and it offers the possibility to carry out short and effective evaluations and controls with a significant reduction of costs for medical assistance.
本研究报告了作为一家儿科医院神经精神科顾问的个人经历。婴幼儿期和青少年期神经精神病学以及儿科的共同目标是全面评估儿童并保护其身心健康。
对1993年1月至1998年1月间由儿科医生转诊至该医院的327例年龄在0至18岁之间的患者（147例男性和180例女性）进行了评估。
根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）标准，在95%的受检人群中诊断出精神障碍，分析了精神障碍按年龄和性别的分布方式，并讨论了治疗方法。尤其针对躯体和发育障碍寻求神经精神科建议。除品行障碍和广泛性发育障碍在男性中更为常见外，性别分布均等。躯体、焦虑和情绪障碍在6岁以上儿童中更为明显，发育和神经障碍在年幼儿童中更为明显。
门诊咨询有助于筛查神经精神障碍，并且能够进行简短而有效的评估和控制，同时显著降低医疗救助成本。
