Duncan Richard P, Williams Peter A
Ecology and Entomology Group, Soil, Plant and Ecological Sciences Division, PO Box 84, Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand.
Nature. 2002 Jun 6;417(6889):608-9. doi: 10.1038/417608a.
Naturalized plants can have a significant ecological and economic impact, yet they comprise only a fraction ot the plant species introduced by humans. Darwin proposed that introduced plant species will be less likely to establish a self-sustaining wild population in places with congeneric native species because the introduced plants have to compete with their close relatives, or are more likely to be attacked by native herbivores or pathogens, a theory known as Darwin's naturalization hypothesis. Here we analyze a complete list of seed-plant species that have been introduced to New Zealand and find that those with congeneric relatives are significantly more, not less, likely to naturalize--perhaps because they share with their native relatives traits that pre-adapt them to their new environment.
归化植物会产生重大的生态和经济影响，但它们仅占人类引入植物物种的一小部分。达尔文提出，在有同属本地物种的地方，引入的植物物种建立自我维持的野生种群的可能性较小，因为引入的植物必须与它们的近亲竞争，或者更有可能受到本地食草动物或病原体的攻击，这一理论被称为达尔文归化假说。在此，我们分析了一份已引入新西兰的种子植物物种的完整清单，发现那些有同属近亲的物种归化的可能性显著更高，而非更低——这可能是因为它们与本地近亲共享一些使其能预先适应新环境的特征。
