Diez Jeffrey M, Sullivan Jon J, Hulme Philip E, Edwards Grant, Duncan Richard P
National Centre for Advanced Bio-Protection Technologies, PO Box 84, Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand.
Ecol Lett. 2008 Jul;11(7):674-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01178.x. Epub 2008 Apr 8.
Darwin acknowledged contrasting, plausible arguments for how species invasions are influenced by phylogenetic relatedness to the native community. These contrasting arguments persist today without clear resolution. Using data on the naturalization and abundance of exotic plants in the Auckland region, we show how different expectations can be accommodated through attention to scale, assumptions about niche overlap, and stage of invasion. Probability of naturalization was positively related to the number of native species in a genus but negatively related to native congener abundance, suggesting the importance of both niche availability and biotic resistance. Once naturalized, however, exotic abundance was not related to the number of native congeners, but positively related to native congener abundance. Changing the scale of analysis altered this outcome: within habitats exotic abundance was negatively related to native congener abundance, implying that native and exotic species respond similarly to broad scale environmental variation across habitats, with biotic resistance occurring within habitats.
达尔文承认，关于物种入侵如何受到与本地群落系统发育相关性的影响，存在相互矛盾但看似合理的观点。这些相互矛盾的观点至今仍存在，尚无明确的解决方案。利用奥克兰地区外来植物归化和丰度的数据，我们展示了如何通过关注尺度、关于生态位重叠的假设以及入侵阶段来调和不同的预期。归化概率与一个属中的本地物种数量呈正相关，但与本地同属物种丰度呈负相关，这表明生态位可利用性和生物抗性都很重要。然而，一旦归化，外来物种的丰度与本地同属物种数量无关，而是与本地同属物种丰度呈正相关。改变分析尺度会改变这一结果：在栖息地内部，外来物种丰度与本地同属物种丰度呈负相关，这意味着本地物种和外来物种对不同栖息地的广泛尺度环境变化反应相似，生物抗性发生在栖息地内部。
