Binns Shannon E, Livesey John F, Arnason John T, Baum Bernard R
Biology Department, University of Ottawa, P.O. Box 450 Station A, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5.
J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Jun 19;50(13):3673-87. doi: 10.1021/jf011439t.
Quantitative phytochemical variation was determined from roots and inflorescences of native plant populations in the genus Echinacea. Specimens were collected in situ throughout the natural range of each putative taxon and transplanted to greenhouse cultivation. Ethanolic extracts from individual plants were separated by reversed-phase HPLC to quantify the alkamides, polyenes/ynes, and phenolics, and then grouped by age and taxonomically, according to a recent morphometric taxonomic revision of the genus. Canonical discriminant analysis revealed that cichoric acid, the diene alkamides 1-3 and 7, and ketoalkene 24 were the best taxonomic markers. Mean content for each of 26 phytochemicals revealed useful agronomic information, such as those varieties and organs with the highest accumulations, as well as the optimal age and growth conditions for each variety. The highest amounts of cichoric acid were measured from the older, wild inflorescences of E. pallida var.sanguinea, whereas the highest quantities of the alkamides 1-3 and 7 were present in roots of wild and transplanted E. purpurea. Baseline phytochemical data and chromatographic profiles for all types of wild Echinacea may be used for protection of wild stands, germplasm identification, and crop improvement.
对紫锥菊属原生植物种群的根和花序进行了定量植物化学变异测定。在每个假定分类群的整个自然分布范围内原位采集标本，并移植到温室栽培。通过反相高效液相色谱法分离单株植物的乙醇提取物，以定量测定烷酰胺、多烯/炔和酚类物质，然后根据该属最近的形态计量分类修订，按年龄和分类学进行分组。典型判别分析表明，菊苣酸、二烯烷酰胺1-3和7以及酮烯24是最佳分类标记。26种植物化学物质中每种的平均含量揭示了有用的农艺信息，例如积累量最高的品种和器官，以及每个品种的最佳年龄和生长条件。菊苣酸含量最高的是苍白松果菊血红变种较老的野生花序，而烷酰胺1-3和7含量最高的是野生和移植的紫松果菊的根。所有类型野生紫锥菊的基线植物化学数据和色谱图可用于保护野生种群、种质鉴定和作物改良。
