Madhava Valsa, Burgess Christine, Drucker Ernest
Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York 10467, USA.
Lancet Infect Dis. 2002 May;2(5):293-302. doi: 10.1016/s1473-3099(02)00264-5.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic liver disease in the world. The WHO estimates that 3% (170 million) of the world's population are chronically infected with HCV. Sub-Saharan Africa is of great interest because it is reported to have the highest HCV prevalence rate (5.3%), and a concurrent HIV epidemic. In our review of the published literature we found consistent evidence of high HCV prevalence in many countries of Africa. We estimate the overall prevalence of HCV in Sub-Saharan Africa is 3.0%. The central African region has the highest estimated prevalence of 6%, west Africa has an estimated prevalence of 2.4%, and southern and east Africa with the lowest estimated prevalence of 1.6%. Given low sexual transmission of HCV and infrequency of intravenous drug use in Sub-Saharan Africa, iatrogenic causes of HCV transmission need to be further evaluated.
丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）是全球慢性肝病的主要病因。世界卫生组织估计，全球3%（1.7亿）的人口长期感染HCV。撒哈拉以南非洲地区备受关注，因为据报道该地区HCV流行率最高（5.3%），且同时存在艾滋病流行。在我们对已发表文献的综述中，我们发现有一致的证据表明非洲许多国家的HCV流行率很高。我们估计撒哈拉以南非洲地区HCV的总体流行率为3.0%。中非地区估计流行率最高，为6%，西非估计流行率为2.4%，而南部和东部非洲估计流行率最低，为1.6%。鉴于HCV在撒哈拉以南非洲地区的性传播率较低且静脉注射吸毒频率不高，HCV传播的医源性原因需要进一步评估。
