Berenson G S, Srinivasan S R
Tulane Center for Cardiovascular Health, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, Tulane School of Public Health & Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2001 Oct;11 Suppl 5:1-9.
To alter the adverse natural course of coronary artery disease and its risk factors, primary prevention should begin in childhood.
High serum cholesterol, LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) in particular, remains the major determinant of atherosclerotic process beginning in childhood. Selective cholesterol screening of children based on family history is inadequate. Tracking of childhood elevated cholesterol in conjunction with other risk factors into adulthood argues in favor of universal screening in the young. Further, individual adverse levels of LDL-C not only increase the incidence of adulthood dyslipidemia, but also markedly enhances the prevalence of obesity and hypertension seen in the adult population.
Screening of all young individuals for serum cholesterol along with a cardiovascular risk factor profile is recommended. Cardiovascular disease remains a public health issue and identifying young individuals at risk is basic to prevention.
为改变冠状动脉疾病及其危险因素的不良自然病程，一级预防应始于儿童期。
高血清胆固醇，尤其是低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C），仍然是始于儿童期的动脉粥样硬化进程的主要决定因素。基于家族病史对儿童进行选择性胆固醇筛查是不够的。将儿童期升高的胆固醇与其他危险因素追踪至成年期，这支持对年轻人进行普遍筛查。此外，个体LDL-C的不良水平不仅会增加成年期血脂异常的发生率，还会显著提高成年人群中肥胖和高血压的患病率。
建议对所有年轻人进行血清胆固醇以及心血管危险因素评估的筛查。心血管疾病仍然是一个公共卫生问题，识别有风险的年轻人是预防的基础。
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