Magkos F, Manios Y, Christakis G, Kafatos A G
Laboratory of Nutrition and Clinical Dietetics, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Kallithea, Athens, Greece.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2005 Jan;59(1):1-7. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602023.
The aim of the present study was to examine secular trends in major cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, that is, obesity and dyslipidaemia, among Cretan children during 1982-2002.
Epidemiological survey.
A total of 528 boys in 1982 and 620 boys in 2002, aged 12.1+/-0.1 y, were randomly selected from urban and rural regions throughout the county of Iraklio, Crete, Greece. Care was taken so that all procedures in 2002 closely matched those in 1982.
Mean height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) were 1.1, 9.6, and 8.4% higher, respectively, in 2002 vs 1982 (P<0.001). The prevalence of overweight and obesity has risen by 63 and 202%, respectively (P<0.001). Contemporary children were found to have 3.6% higher total cholesterol (TC), 24.9% lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), 25.3% higher low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), 19.4% higher triacylglycerol, 36.6% higher TC/HDL-C ratio, and 60.3% higher LDL-C/HDL-C ratio compared with their peers in 1982 (P<0.003). These differences persisted even when adjusting for BMI (P<0.02). The proportion of children having abnormal lipid values was much greater nowadays than in the 1980s, yielding odds ratios of 1.4-8.8 (P<0.005).
Results are indicative of a largely deteriorated CVD risk profile in Cretan children since 1982, and predict an unfavourable CVD morbidity and mortality for this population in the foreseeable future.
本研究旨在调查1982年至2002年间克里特岛儿童主要心血管疾病（CVD）危险因素，即肥胖和血脂异常的长期趋势。
流行病学调查。
1982年从希腊克里特岛伊拉克利翁县城乡地区随机选取528名12.1±0.1岁的男孩，2002年随机选取620名同样年龄的男孩。2002年的所有程序都尽量与1982年的程序紧密匹配。
与1982年相比，2002年的平均身高、体重和体重指数（BMI）分别高出1.1%、9.6%和8.4%（P<0.001）。超重和肥胖的患病率分别上升了63%和202%（P<0.001）。与1982年的同龄人相比，当代儿童的总胆固醇（TC）高出3.6%，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）低24.9%，低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）高25.3%，三酰甘油高19.4%，TC/HDL-C比值高36.6%，LDL-C/HDL-C比值高60.3%（P<0.003）。即使在对BMI进行调整后，这些差异仍然存在（P<0.02）。如今血脂值异常的儿童比例比20世纪80年代大得多，优势比为1.4至8.8（P<0.005）。
结果表明，自1982年以来，克里特岛儿童的心血管疾病风险状况大幅恶化，并预测在可预见的未来该人群的心血管疾病发病率和死亡率将不容乐观。
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