Wong M M, Kozek W J, Karr S L, Brayton M A, Theis J H, Hendrickx A G
Asian J Infect Dis. 1979 Jun;3(2):61-7.
Congenital toxoplasmosis was studied in Macaca arctoides as a model for primates. Time-mated female monkeys were assigned to 5 experimental groups and inoculated with 4 different strains of Toxoplasma gondii before pregnancy and during various stages of gestation. All monkeys showed a rise in indirect hemagglutination antibody (IHA) titers following infection, and some had demonstrable parasitemia. Of the 23 progeny, 2 were stillbirths and 2 died soon after birth, but only the one neonate born of a mother inoculated intrauterally succumbed to acute toxoplasmosis. No physical anomalies were observed in any of the progeny. The toxoplasms organism was not isolated from any of the placentas obtained nor from the cord blood. None of the tissues from the stillborn or infant monkeys that died were positive for toxoplasmosis by mouse inoculation. The live progeny were usually born with high IHA antibody titers which were usually soon lost, indicating presence of passively acquired maternal antibody. However, 2 babies, born of mothers infected with tissue cysts on day 79 and 149 of gestation, maintained moderate to high titers for about 8 and 19 months respectively, indicating that an active infection had taken place but no clinical disease was detected. Data obtained suggest that although certain developmental stages of the toxoplasma organism and of the fetus may favor the occurrence of congenital infection, very little neonatal disease results in this primate model.
以熊猴作为灵长类动物模型对先天性弓形虫病进行了研究。将经定时交配的雌性猴子分为5个实验组，并在怀孕前及孕期不同阶段接种4种不同的刚地弓形虫菌株。所有猴子感染后间接血凝抗体（IHA）滴度均升高，部分猴子出现明显的寄生虫血症。23只后代中，2只为死产，2只出生后不久死亡，但只有1只在子宫内接种的母亲所生的新生儿死于急性弓形虫病。在任何后代中均未观察到身体异常。在所获得的任何胎盘或脐带血中均未分离到弓形虫生物体。通过小鼠接种，死产或死亡幼猴的组织中均未检测到弓形虫病阳性。存活的后代出生时通常具有较高的IHA抗体滴度，但这些滴度通常很快消失，表明存在被动获得的母体抗体。然而，2只分别在妊娠第79天和149天感染组织包囊的母亲所生的婴儿，分别在约8个月和19个月内维持了中度至高度滴度，表明发生了活动性感染，但未检测到临床疾病。所获得的数据表明，尽管弓形虫生物体和胎儿的某些发育阶段可能有利于先天性感染的发生，但在这个灵长类动物模型中，新生儿疾病很少发生。
