Manwell Linda Baier, Ignaczak Marek, Czabala Jan C
Center for Addiction Research and Education, University of Wisconsin-Madison Medical School, Madison, WI, USA.
Eur J Public Health. 2002 Jun;12(2):139-44. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/12.2.139.
Primary care settings are an ideal system in which to identify and treat tobacco and alcohol use disorders. This project surveyed patients from the offices of 20 Polish primary care clinicians to ascertain the prevalence of tobacco and alcohol use by gender and age.
A total of 4373 adults aged 18-80 years seeking routine care completed a nurse-administered Health Screening Survey as part of a clinical trial designed to assess the efficacy of brief physician advice on heavy alcohol use.
Of the 4373 subjects screened, 44.4% reported cigarette use within the past three months. Most perceived smoking as a problem and had considered reducing their tobacco use. A stepwise model to examine factors that predict smoking status found that alcohol consumption was the best predictor of current cigarette use. Alcohol consumption was common, with 64% of the subjects reporting some use within the previous three months. Of these, 55% were classified as low risk drinkers, 14% as at-risk drinkers, 12% as problem drinkers, and 19% as dependent drinkers.
This is the first report on the combined prevalence of tobacco and alcohol use disorders in a sample of persons attending community-based primary care clinics in Poland. This report confirms the high prevalence of these problems and suggests that patients will accurately complete a screening test such as the Health Screening Survey. The methods employed for this study provide the Polish health care system with a procedure to effectively screen patients for tobacco and alcohol use disorders.
基层医疗环境是识别和治疗烟草与酒精使用障碍的理想体系。本项目对来自20位波兰基层医疗临床医生办公室的患者进行了调查，以确定按性别和年龄划分的烟草与酒精使用情况。
共有4373名年龄在18 - 80岁寻求常规护理的成年人完成了由护士管理的健康筛查调查，该调查是一项旨在评估医生简短建议对重度饮酒疗效的临床试验的一部分。
在接受筛查的4373名受试者中，44.4%报告在过去三个月内吸烟。大多数人认为吸烟是个问题，并曾考虑减少烟草使用。一个用于检验预测吸烟状况因素的逐步模型发现，饮酒是当前吸烟的最佳预测因素。饮酒情况很常见，64%的受试者报告在过去三个月内有过饮酒。其中，55%被归类为低风险饮酒者，14%为有风险饮酒者，12%为问题饮酒者，19%为依赖饮酒者。
这是关于波兰社区基层医疗诊所就诊人群样本中烟草与酒精使用障碍合并患病率的首份报告。本报告证实了这些问题的高患病率，并表明患者会准确完成诸如健康筛查调查这样的筛查测试。本研究采用的方法为波兰医疗保健系统提供了一种有效筛查患者烟草与酒精使用障碍的程序。
