Larom David
J Comp Psychol. 2002 Jun;116(2):133-6. doi: 10.1037/0735-7036.116.2.133.
Animal communication is affected by a multitude of environmental factors including meteorological conditions, ground reflection, turbulence, and vegetative attenuation. Evolutionary and behavioral adaptations by animals to these challenges include elephant use of infrasound optimized for long-distance propagation. These adaptations in turn influence the perceptual sphere, or Umwelt, of calling animals.
动物交流受到多种环境因素的影响,包括气象条件、地面反射、湍流和植被衰减。动物针对这些挑战所做出的进化和行为适应包括大象利用为长距离传播而优化的次声。这些适应反过来又会影响发声动物的感知范围,即周围环境。