Zank Susanne, Schacke Claudia
Freie Universitaet Berlin, Germany.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2002 Jul;57(4):P348-57. doi: 10.1093/geronb/57.4.p348.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of geriatric day care on patients and caregivers. Day care patients (n = 43) were compared with an untreated matched control group (n = 40). Matching criteria were age, gender, physical and mental health status, and socioeconomic status. The mean age of both groups was 79.5 years. Data were collected at three measurement points: T1 took place during the first 10 days of service use, T2 was conducted 6 months later, and T3 took place 9 months after service use began. In addition, a short follow-up was conducted 6 months after T3. Well-being, dementia symptoms, health indicators, and activities of daily living were investigated. Individual growth curves of these patient variables were computed and analyzed with multivariate analyses of variance. The results show significant positive effects of day care on well-being and dementia symptoms. Patients in day care stabilized or improved on various measures, whereas the untreated control participants worsened. Follow-up data showed a significant decline in health in the control group in comparison with the day care users. Results concerning effects on caregivers were not that clear. Individual change parameters in subjective well-being and burden did not differ between the two groups of caregivers in the longitudinal follow-up. In a semistructured interview, however, caregivers of patients in the treatment group reported substantial positive change due to use of day care.
本研究的目的是评估老年日间护理对患者及照料者的影响。将日间护理患者（n = 43）与未接受治疗的匹配对照组（n = 40）进行比较。匹配标准为年龄、性别、身心健康状况及社会经济地位。两组的平均年龄均为79.5岁。在三个测量点收集数据：T1在开始使用服务的前10天进行，T2在6个月后进行，T3在开始使用服务9个月后进行。此外，在T3之后6个月进行了一次简短随访。对幸福感、痴呆症状、健康指标及日常生活活动进行了调查。计算并通过多变量方差分析对这些患者变量的个体生长曲线进行了分析。结果显示日间护理对幸福感和痴呆症状有显著的积极影响。接受日间护理的患者在各项指标上保持稳定或有所改善，而未接受治疗的对照参与者则出现恶化。随访数据显示，与日间护理使用者相比，对照组的健康状况显著下降。关于对照料者影响的结果并不那么明确。在纵向随访中，两组照料者在主观幸福感和负担方面的个体变化参数没有差异。然而，在一次半结构化访谈中，治疗组患者的照料者报告称，由于使用了日间护理，出现了显著的积极变化。
