Nakamura Yosikazu, Kaneko Isamu, Kawamura Yuko, Sakano Tatsuro, Naito Katsuo, Maeda Kazuo, Kurobe Mutsuo, Hirata Shigeru, Yazaki Toshiki, Goto Yasuaki, Hashimoto Shuji
Department of Sociology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Letters.
Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi. 2002 May;49(5):409-16.
To determine factors affecting self-rated health among the non-institutionalized elderly in Japan.
In 20 municipalities in Japan, 6,094 persons aged 65 years and older who were not institutionalized were selected at random. A questionnaire survey was conducted from September through November 2000. The distribution of self-rated health was rated in terms of dependent variables, with odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals calculated using unconditional logistic models.
Of the study population, 5,565 persons (91.8%) responded to the survey. Of the respondents, 64.4% answered that they were healthy, while 28.8% were not. The necessity for periodical visit to hospitals and clinics, and lowering of the activity of daily living greatly lowered self-rated health. Compared with those who were 85 years of age or older, a high health status was observed among those aged between 75 and 84 years, but not those aged 65 to 74 years. Those who tried to have exercise periodically, who had a vice-leadership role in a group, who joined social activities, who lived what they considered a worthwhile life, and who had positive positive activities in daily life, had high levels of self-rated health. Joining social activities for passive reasons elevated the health as well as joining for active reasons such as "because it is fun."
Even if the reason is passive, joining social activities may elevate the self-rated health levels of elderly people.
确定影响日本非机构养老老年人自评健康状况的因素。
在日本的20个市，随机选取6094名65岁及以上未入住机构的老年人。于2000年9月至11月进行问卷调查。根据因变量对自评健康状况分布进行评定，使用无条件逻辑模型计算比值比及其95%置信区间。
研究人群中，5565人（91.8%）对调查作出回应。在回应者中，64.4%回答自己健康，而28.8%则认为不健康。定期前往医院和诊所的必要性以及日常生活活动能力的下降会极大地降低自评健康状况。与85岁及以上的老年人相比，75至84岁的老年人健康状况较高，但65至74岁的老年人并非如此。那些定期进行锻炼、在团体中担任副领导角色、参加社交活动、认为自己过着有价值生活且在日常生活中有积极活动的老年人，自评健康水平较高。出于被动原因参加社交活动与出于诸如“因为有趣”等主动原因参加社交活动一样，都会提高健康水平。
即使是出于被动原因，参加社交活动也可能提高老年人的自评健康水平。
