Shimoda Tomoko, Suzuki Teppei, Takahashi Noriko, Tsutsumi Kaori, Samukawa Mina, Yoshimachi Shoko, Goto Teruaki, Enomoto Hisashi, Kise Nobuyuki, Ogasawara Katsuhiko, Yoshimura Sadako
Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
TSURUHA Holdings Inc., Sapporo, Japan.
Gerontol Geriatr Med. 2017 May 2;3:2333721417706854. doi: 10.1177/2333721417706854. eCollection 2017 Jan-Dec.
Lifestyle diseases, which are associated with nutrition, account for 30% of elderly requiring long-term care. To increase health expectancy among Japan's rapidly aging population, we investigated the nutritional status and body composition of elderly adults living in a region subject to heavy snowfall, to identify pertinent health indicators. The dietary habits of 288 local residents aged ≥50 years were analyzed using body composition and a brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire. Body mass index of all residents was normal. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) and muscle mass were reduced in the older group. Dietary habits did not differ with age among men, but older women had significantly higher dietary intake. BMR and muscle mass declined with age, even when dietary intake was sustained. Despite sufficient dietary intake, independently living older adults demonstrate less efficient use of food with age. Interventions to reduce excessive sodium and protein intake are required.
与营养相关的生活方式疾病占需要长期护理的老年人的30%。为了提高日本快速老龄化人口的健康预期寿命，我们调查了生活在大雪地区的老年人的营养状况和身体组成，以确定相关的健康指标。使用身体组成和简短型自填式饮食史问卷分析了288名年龄≥50岁的当地居民的饮食习惯。所有居民的体重指数均正常。老年组的基础代谢率（BMR）和肌肉量降低。男性的饮食习惯在不同年龄之间没有差异，但老年女性的饮食摄入量明显更高。即使饮食摄入量持续，BMR和肌肉量也会随着年龄的增长而下降。尽管饮食摄入量充足，但独立生活的老年人随着年龄的增长对食物的利用效率较低。需要采取干预措施来减少过量的钠和蛋白质摄入。
