Ciancio Sebastian G
Department of Periodontics and Endodontics, State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Dental Medicine, Buffalo, NY14214-3008, USA.
J Clin Periodontol. 2002 May;29 Suppl 2:17-21.
Systemic medications are of value as adjuncts to periodontal therapy. These medications can be divided into two major categories: antibiotics and agents for host modulation. Antibiotics have been shown to be valuable adjuncts in specialized types of periodontal disease, such as localized and generalized aggressive periodontitis, and of possible value in severe chronic periodontitis. Antibiotics have been studied individually, in combination and in sequential therapy. Host modulators include Periostat, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, alendronate (Fosamax), hormone replacement therapy and anti-arthritic medications. These agents produce their beneficial effects by a variety of mechanisms of action, including inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases, inhibition of prostaglandin production, stimulation of osteoblasts, inhibition of osteoclasts, and other anti-inflammatory mechanisms of action.
全身用药作为牙周治疗的辅助手段具有重要价值。这些药物可分为两大类：抗生素和宿主调节因子。抗生素已被证明在特定类型的牙周疾病中是有价值的辅助药物，如局限性和广泛性侵袭性牙周炎，在重度慢性牙周炎中也可能有价值。抗生素已被单独、联合及序贯治疗进行研究。宿主调节因子包括Periostat、非甾体抗炎药、阿仑膦酸盐（福善美）、激素替代疗法和抗关节炎药物。这些药物通过多种作用机制产生有益效果，包括抑制基质金属蛋白酶、抑制前列腺素生成、刺激成骨细胞、抑制破骨细胞以及其他抗炎作用机制。
