Duncan Luce R
Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, Irvine 92697-5100, USA.
Psychol Rev. 2002 Jul;109(3):520-32. doi: 10.1037/0033-295x.109.3.520.
Empirically testable assumptions relate 3 psychophysical primitives: presentations of pairs of physical intensities (e.g., pure tones of the same frequency and phase to the 2 ears or 2 successive tones to both ears); a respondent's ordering of such signal pairs by perceived intensity (e.g., loudness); and judgments about 2 pairs of stimuli being related as some proportion (numerical factor, as in magnitude production). Explicit behavioral assumptions lead to 2 families of psychophysical functions, one corresponding to unbiased joint presentations and the other to biased ones. Under an invariance assumption, the psychophysical functions in the unbiased case are approximate power functions, and those in the biased case are exact power functions. A number of testable predictions are made. The mathematics involved draws from publications in utility theory and mathematics but with a reinterpretation of the primitives.
物理强度对的呈现（例如，相同频率和相位的纯音分别呈现给两只耳朵，或两个连续的纯音同时呈现给两只耳朵）；被试者根据感知强度（如响度）对这些信号对进行排序；以及关于两对刺激以某种比例（数值因子，如在量值产生任务中）相关的判断。明确的行为假设导致了两类心理物理学函数，一类对应无偏联合呈现，另一类对应有偏联合呈现。在不变性假设下，无偏情况下的心理物理学函数是近似幂函数，有偏情况下的心理物理学函数是精确幂函数。由此得出了一些可检验的预测。所涉及的数学内容借鉴了效用理论和数学领域的出版物，但对基本要素进行了重新解释。
