Iancu L S
Disciplina de Microbiologie, Facultatea de Medicina, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie Gr.T. Popa Iaşi.
Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi. 2001 Jan-Mar;105(1):37-42.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the most common cause of chronic viral hepatitis. The World Health Organization estimates that 170 million people world-wide are infected with HCV; 70% of them will develop chronic hepatitis and 20-30% cirrhosis in 10-30 years. Of those with cirrhosis, an estimated 25-30% will develop liver cancer. Since the identification and molecular characterization of HCV in 1989, a variety of diagnostic tests based on the detection of hepatitis virus antibodies or HCV RNA in the serum have been developed. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA 3) and the recombinant immunoblot assays (RIBA 2nd and 3rd generation) exhibit improved sensitivity and specificity for HCV antibodies. Qualitative and quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) has allowed clinicians to track the natural history of HCV and to monitor the progress of therapy. This article reviews the state-of-the-art tests and assays developed for the diagnosis and management of HCV infection.
丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）是慢性病毒性肝炎最常见的病因。世界卫生组织估计，全球有1.7亿人感染HCV；其中70%的人将发展为慢性肝炎，10至30年内20%至30%的人会发展为肝硬化。在肝硬化患者中，估计有25%至30%的人会发展为肝癌。自1989年HCV被鉴定和进行分子特征分析以来，已开发出多种基于检测血清中肝炎病毒抗体或HCV RNA的诊断测试。酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA 3）和重组免疫印迹测定（RIBA第2代和第3代）对HCV抗体的检测表现出更高的灵敏度和特异性。定性和定量逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）使临床医生能够追踪HCV的自然病程并监测治疗进展。本文综述了为HCV感染的诊断和管理而开发的最新测试和测定方法。
