Ramírez Cruz Nora Elena, Castrejón Vázquez María Isabel, Espinoza Goldman Manuel Benjamín, Martínez-Cairo Cueto Salvador
Departamento de Alergia e Inmunología Clínica, Hospital de Especialidades, CMN Siglo XXI, IMSS.
Rev Alerg Mex. 2002 Mar-Apr;49(2):46-51.
Prevalence of latex allergy in the general population is lesser than 1%. These patients have clinical and immunochemical cross-reactivity between latex and fruits; sometimes this has been referred to as the "latex-fruit-syndrome" (LFS); atopy was found to be a risk factor to sensitization to fruits.
To investigate the prevalence of LFS, in a group of health care workers with latex-allergy.
Hospital employees were initially screened for latex allergy with a questionnaire; these patients were divided into the following two groups: 1) health care workers with latex-allergy, classified into two subgroups: a) with a familial history of atopy; b) without a familial history of atopy, and 2) health care workers with familial history of atopy but without latex-allergy. Skin prick tests with latex and fruits extracts (kiwi, avocado, banana and chestnut) were done.
Based in clinical history and with confirmation by skin testing, three patients of the health care workers' group with latex allergy have LFS (prevalence of 12.5%). Sensitivity and specificity for skin prick test in health care workers with latex-fruit syndrome were: latex, kiwi and chestnut sensitivity: 100%; latex and avocado specificity: 90%; chestnut and kiwi specificity: 100%.
A low prevalence of latex-fruit syndrome was detected in our population. We found a higher prevalence in females with a history of atopy. Our findings were consistent with other literature reports.
普通人群中乳胶过敏的患病率低于1%。这些患者在乳胶和水果之间存在临床和免疫化学交叉反应；有时这被称为“乳胶-水果综合征”（LFS）；特应性被发现是水果致敏的一个危险因素。
调查一组乳胶过敏医护人员中LFS的患病率。
首先通过问卷调查对医院员工进行乳胶过敏筛查；这些患者被分为以下两组：1）乳胶过敏的医护人员，分为两个亚组：a）有特应性家族史；b）无特应性家族史，以及2）有特应性家族史但无乳胶过敏的医护人员。用乳胶和水果提取物（猕猴桃、鳄梨、香蕉和栗子）进行皮肤点刺试验。
根据临床病史并经皮肤试验证实，医护人员组中有3名乳胶过敏患者患有LFS（患病率为12.5%）。乳胶-水果综合征医护人员皮肤点刺试验的敏感性和特异性为：乳胶、猕猴桃和栗子敏感性：100%；乳胶和鳄梨特异性：90%；栗子和猕猴桃特异性：100%。
在我们的人群中检测到乳胶-水果综合征的患病率较低。我们发现有特应性病史的女性患病率较高。我们的发现与其他文献报道一致。
