van der Merwe Lize, Maritz J Stephan
Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Stellenbosch University, P.O. Box 19070, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa.
Epidemiology. 2002 Jul;13(4):424-30. doi: 10.1097/00001648-200207000-00010.
When comparing tests for a disease, it is necessary to know whether individuals are diseased or nondiseased. In practice, the confirmatory (gold standard) procedure is often limited to individuals with positive test results, because the confirmatory procedure is not applied to individuals with negative test results. We present a model for estimating the sensitivity and specificity when two tests are compared and the gold standard classification is unavailable (semi-latent) for those individuals with negative results on both tests. The model does not assume independent error rates, and estimates of specificity conditional on a false-positive result for another test are derived. We use a Bayes approach for estimating the distributions of the performance parameters.
在比较针对某种疾病的检测方法时，有必要了解个体是否患病。在实际操作中，确证（金标准）程序通常仅适用于检测结果为阳性的个体，因为该确证程序不会应用于检测结果为阴性的个体。我们提出了一个模型，用于在比较两种检测方法且对于两种检测结果均为阴性的个体无法获得金标准分类（半潜性）时估计灵敏度和特异度。该模型不假定误差率相互独立，并且得出了基于另一种检测的假阳性结果的特异度估计值。我们使用贝叶斯方法来估计性能参数的分布。
