Stucke Tanja S, Sporer Siegfried L
Department of Psychology, University of Giessen, Germany.
J Pers. 2002 Aug;70(4):509-32. doi: 10.1111/1467-6494.05015.
Two studies examined the relation between narcissism, self-concept clarity, negative emotions, and aggression based on theoretical assumptions proposed by Baumeister, Smart, and Boden (1996). Narcissism and self-concept clarity were examined as predictors for anger, depression, and verbal aggression following ego-threat, which was operationalized by a bogus performance feedback on an intelligence test. The second study also examined the mediating effects of participants' negative emotions to provide an additional explanation for the aggressive reactions after failure. As expected, narcissism and self-concept clarity were significant predictors of negative emotions and aggression after failure. In accordance with our hypothesis, high narcissists with low self-concept clarity reacted with anger and aggression after failure, whereas less narcissistic individuals with high self-concept clarity showed feelings of depression and no aggression. The results also indicated that aggression was always directed toward the source of the ego-threatening feedback. Additionally, anger and depression could predict the aggressive response after failure but they did not mediate the relation between narcissism, self-concept clarity, performance feedback, and aggression.
两项研究基于鲍迈斯特、斯马特和博登（1996年）提出的理论假设，考察了自恋、自我概念清晰度、负面情绪和攻击性之间的关系。自恋和自我概念清晰度被作为自我威胁后愤怒、抑郁和言语攻击性的预测因素进行研究，自我威胁通过智力测试中的虚假表现反馈来操作化。第二项研究还考察了参与者负面情绪的中介作用，以便为失败后的攻击反应提供额外解释。正如预期的那样，自恋和自我概念清晰度是失败后负面情绪和攻击性的显著预测因素。与我们的假设一致，自我概念清晰度低的高自恋者在失败后会愤怒和攻击，而自我概念清晰度高的低自恋者则表现出抑郁情绪且无攻击性。结果还表明，攻击性总是指向自我威胁反馈的来源。此外，愤怒和抑郁可以预测失败后的攻击反应，但它们并未介导自恋、自我概念清晰度、表现反馈和攻击性之间的关系。
