Gensheimer Kathleen F, Fukuda Keiji, Brammer Lynette, Cox Nancy, Patriarca Peter A, Strikes Raymond A
Division of Disease Control, Augusta, ME 04333, USA.
Vaccine. 2002 May 15;20 Suppl 2:S63-5. doi: 10.1016/s0264-410x(02)00135-4.
In the US, planning for the next influenza pandemic is occurring in parallel at the national, state and local levels. Certain issues, such as conducting surveillance and purchasing pandemic vaccine, require co-ordination at the national level. However, most prevention and control actions will be implemented at the state and local levels, which vary widely in terms of population demographics, culture (e.g. rural versus urban) and available resources. In 1995, a survey by the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) found that only 29 (59%) states perceived a need to develop a specific influenza pandemic plan for their jurisdiction. Since then, the process of developing state and local plans has gained considerable momentum. Integration of these efforts with the national planning process has been facilitated by: (1) the mutual involvement of state and federal staff in both processes; (2) the sharing of draft documents; (3) the ongoing occurrence of local and national co-ordinating meetings; (4) the provision of financial resources by the federal government. So far, approximately 12 states either have drafted or begun drafting a state and local influenza pandemic plan. One of the benefits of the collaborative planning process has been the development of new working relationships and partnerships among several agencies at the state, local and national levels. Such efforts will improve our collective ability to rapidly investigate and control other emerging or re-emerging public health threats in the 21st century, be it a bioterrorist event, pandemic influenza, or any other catastrophic health event.
在美国，针对下一次流感大流行的规划在国家、州和地方层面同时进行。某些问题，如开展监测和采购大流行疫苗，需要在国家层面进行协调。然而，大多数预防和控制行动将在州和地方层面实施，这些层面在人口统计学、文化（如农村与城市）和可用资源方面差异很大。1995年，州和领土流行病学家理事会（CSTE）进行的一项调查发现，只有29个（59%）州认为有必要为其管辖区域制定特定的流感大流行计划。从那时起，制定州和地方计划的进程获得了相当大的动力。这些努力与国家规划进程的整合得到了以下因素的促进：（1）州和联邦工作人员在两个进程中的相互参与；（2）文件草案的共享；（3）地方和国家协调会议的持续召开；（4）联邦政府提供财政资源。到目前为止，大约有12个州已经起草或开始起草州和地方流感大流行计划。协作规划进程的好处之一是在州、地方和国家层面的几个机构之间建立了新的工作关系和伙伴关系。这些努力将提高我们在21世纪迅速调查和控制其他新出现或重新出现的公共卫生威胁的集体能力，无论是生物恐怖事件、大流行性流感还是任何其他灾难性健康事件。
