Oishi Shinshi
Department of Toxicology, Tokyo Metropolitan Research Laboratory of Public Health, 3-24-1 Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan.
Arch Toxicol. 2002 Jul;76(7):423-9. doi: 10.1007/s00204-002-0360-8. Epub 2002 Jun 13.
Parabens are alkyl ester compounds of p-hydroxybenzoic acid widely used as preservatives in foodstuffs, cosmetics, toiletries and pharmaceuticals. These compounds are known to exert a weak estrogenic activity in estrogen receptor assays in vitro and in uterotrophic assays in vivo. In this paper, we have shown that butyl paraben had an adverse effect on the male mouse reproductive system and that it damaged the late steps of spermatogenesis in the testis. Butyl paraben was administered to 4-week-old Crj:CD-1 mice assigned to groups of eight animals, at doses of 0.01%, 0.10%, and 1.00% in the diet for 10 weeks. The average butyl paraben intake from the calculated food consumption was 14.4+/-3.60, 146+/-35.9, and 1504+/-357 mg/kg per day for the 0.01%, 0.10%, and 1.00% dietary butyl paraben groups, respectively. There were no treatment-related effects of butyl paraben on the liver, ventral prostates, seminal vesicles, and preputial glands (both in terms of absolute weight and relative to body weight) in any of the study groups. Both the absolute and relative weights of the epididymides were significantly higher in 1.00% group when compared with controls. A dose-dependent decrease of both round and elongated spermatid counts in stages VII-VIII seminiferous tubules was observed, and the elongated spermatid counts were significantly lower in all of the treated groups. The numbers of spermatogonia and spermatocytes did not differ from control values. The serum testosterone concentration decreased in a dose-dependent fashion and was significant at 1.00%. These data demonstrated that butyl paraben can exert an adverse effect on the male reproductive system at doses that are well below those of the accepted daily intake (ADI) in Japan.
对羟基苯甲酸酯是对羟基苯甲酸的烷基酯化合物，广泛用作食品、化妆品、洗漱用品和药品中的防腐剂。已知这些化合物在体外雌激素受体测定和体内子宫营养测定中具有微弱的雌激素活性。在本文中，我们表明对羟基苯甲酸丁酯对雄性小鼠生殖系统有不良影响，并且它会损害睾丸中精子发生的后期步骤。将对羟基苯甲酸丁酯以0.01%、0.10%和1.00%的剂量添加到饮食中，给予4周龄的Crj:CD-1小鼠，每组8只动物，持续10周。根据计算的食物摄入量，0.01%、0.10%和1.00%饮食对羟基苯甲酸丁酯组的对羟基苯甲酸丁酯平均摄入量分别为每天14.4±3.60、146±35.9和1504±357mg/kg。在任何研究组中，对羟基苯甲酸丁酯对肝脏、腹侧前列腺、精囊和包皮腺（无论是绝对重量还是相对于体重）均无与治疗相关的影响。与对照组相比，1.00%组附睾的绝对重量和相对重量均显著更高。观察到VII-VIII期生精小管中圆形和长形精子细胞数量呈剂量依赖性减少，并且所有处理组的长形精子细胞数量均显著低于对照组。精原细胞和精母细胞的数量与对照值无差异。血清睾酮浓度呈剂量依赖性下降，在1.00%时具有显著性。这些数据表明，对羟基苯甲酸丁酯在远低于日本每日允许摄入量（ADI）的剂量下即可对雄性生殖系统产生不良影响。
