Calhoun Vince D, Pekar James J, McGinty Vince B, Adali Tulay, Watson Todd D, Pearlson Godfrey D
Division of Psychiatric Neuro-Imaging, Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
Hum Brain Mapp. 2002 Jul;16(3):158-67. doi: 10.1002/hbm.10032.
Driving is a complex behavior that recruits multiple cognitive elements. We report on an imaging study of simulated driving that reveals multiple neural systems, each of which have different activation dynamics. The neural correlates of driving behavior are identified with fMRI and their modulation with speed is investigated. We decompose the activation into interpretable pieces using a novel, generally applicable approach, based upon independent component analysis. Some regions turn on or off, others exhibit a gradual decay, and yet others turn on transiently when starting or stopping driving. Signal in the anterior cingulate cortex, an area often associated with error monitoring and inhibition, decreases exponentially with a rate proportional to driving speed, whereas decreases in frontoparietal regions, implicated in vigilance, correlate with speed. Increases in cerebellar and occipital areas, presumably related to complex visuomotor integration, are activated during driving but not associated with driving speed.
驾驶是一种复杂行为，需要调动多种认知要素。我们报告了一项模拟驾驶的成像研究，该研究揭示了多个神经系统，每个系统都有不同的激活动态。通过功能磁共振成像（fMRI）确定驾驶行为的神经关联，并研究其随速度的调节情况。我们基于独立成分分析，采用一种新颖的、普遍适用的方法将激活分解为可解释的部分。一些区域开启或关闭，另一些区域呈现逐渐衰减，还有一些区域在开始或停止驾驶时短暂开启。前扣带回皮质中的信号，该区域常与错误监测和抑制相关，以与驾驶速度成正比的速率呈指数下降，而与警觉性相关的额顶叶区域的信号下降与速度相关。小脑和枕叶区域的激活增加，可能与复杂的视觉运动整合有关，在驾驶过程中被激活，但与驾驶速度无关。
