Baggio Bruno, Budakovic Alessandro, Priante Giovanna, Gambaro Giovanni, Manzato Enzo, Khan Saeed
Department of Medical-Surgery Sciences, Policlinico Universitario, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, I-35120 Padua, Italy.
Nephron. 2002 Jul;91(3):486-91. doi: 10.1159/000064292.
An anomalous plasma phospholipid polyunsaturated fatty acid composition has been reported in calcium nephrolithiasis, and was proposed to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of hypercalciuria and hyperoxaluria, well-known risk factors for lithogenesis.
To confirm this hypothesis, we administered rats three different diets rich in coconut, soybean and fish oils, and evaluated their effect on plasma urinary calcium and oxalate excretion, since the quality of fatty acids represents an important factor able to influence the activity of delta-6-desaturase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of highly unsaturated fatty acids.
In comparison with coconut and fish oil, dietary supplementation with soybean oil increased plasma phospholipid arachidonic acid and serum 1,25-vitamin D(3) values, as well as renal tissue calcium content and urinary excretion of sodium, oxalate and calcium.
Our findings demonstrate that the quality of fatty acids may modify the urine excretion of calcium and oxalate, confirming our previous hypothesis of a pathogenetic link between cellular membrane phospholipid polyunsaturated fatty acid composition and calcium nephrolithiasis. In addition, our study provides new insights into the relationship between dietary, environmental factors and renal stone disease.
钙肾结石患者已被报道存在异常的血浆磷脂多不饱和脂肪酸组成，并且该组成被认为在高钙尿症和高草酸尿症（结石形成的已知危险因素）的发病机制中起关键作用。
为了证实这一假设，我们给大鼠喂食富含椰子油、大豆油和鱼油的三种不同饮食，并评估它们对血浆、尿液中钙和草酸盐排泄的影响，因为脂肪酸的质量是能够影响δ-6-去饱和酶活性的一个重要因素，δ-6-去饱和酶是高度不饱和脂肪酸生物合成途径中的限速酶。
与椰子油和鱼油相比，补充大豆油的饮食增加了血浆磷脂花生四烯酸和血清1,25-维生素D(3)值，以及肾组织钙含量和钠、草酸盐和钙的尿排泄量。
我们的研究结果表明，脂肪酸质量可能会改变钙和草酸盐的尿液排泄，证实了我们之前关于细胞膜磷脂多不饱和脂肪酸组成与钙肾结石病之间发病机制联系的假设。此外，我们的研究为饮食、环境因素与肾结石疾病之间的关系提供了新的见解。
