Taylor C C, Kung L
Department of Animal and Food Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Delaware, Newark 19717-1303, USA.
J Dairy Sci. 2002 Jun;85(6):1526-32. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74222-7.
The production of antifungal compounds during fermentation could be a useful mechanism to improve the aerobic stability of fermented feeds when they are exposed to air. High moisture corn (26% moisture) was ground and inoculated with various amounts of Lactobacillus buchneri 40788, a heterolactic acid bacteria, and ensiled in laboratory silos. Inoculation with L. buchneri 40788 from 1 x 10(5) to 1 x 10(6) cfu/g of corn had minor effects on the end products of fermentation during the early stage of ensiling (< or = 14 d). However, after 49, 92, and 166 d of ensiling, increasing the application rate of L. buchneri 40788 applied to corn increased the concentration of acetic acid when compared to untreated corn. Addition of L. buchneri 40788 had few other effects on the end products of fermentation. Dry matter recovery and aerobic stability were measured after 92 and 166 d of ensiling. At these times, dry matter recovery was not different among treatments, and numbers of yeasts and molds tended to decrease as the application rate of L. buchneri 40788 increased. Aerobic stability (number of h prior to a 2 degrees C rise in temperature after exposure to air) was markedly improved by the addition > or = 5 x 10(5) cfu/g of L. buchneri 40788. Combining L. buchneri 40788 with L. plantarum did not impart better aerobic stability than when L. buchneri 40788 was applied alone to corn. Addition of L. buchneri 40788 did not affect the rate of fermentation in high moisture corn, but after prolonged storage higher application rates increased production of acetic acid and markedly improved aerobic stability.
发酵过程中抗真菌化合物的产生可能是一种有用的机制，可在发酵饲料暴露于空气时提高其好氧稳定性。将高水分玉米（水分含量26%）粉碎，接种不同量的布氏乳杆菌40788（一种异型乳酸菌），并在实验室青贮窖中进行青贮。在青贮早期（≤14天），接种1×10⁵至1×10⁶cfu/g玉米的布氏乳杆菌40788对发酵终产物影响较小。然而，在青贮49、92和166天后，与未处理的玉米相比，增加布氏乳杆菌40788施用于玉米的剂量会增加乙酸浓度。添加布氏乳杆菌40788对发酵终产物的其他影响较小。在青贮92和166天后测量干物质回收率和好氧稳定性。此时，各处理间干物质回收率无差异，随着布氏乳杆菌40788施用量的增加，酵母和霉菌数量趋于减少。添加≥5×10⁵cfu/g的布氏乳杆菌40788可显著提高好氧稳定性（暴露于空气后温度升高2℃之前的小时数）。将布氏乳杆菌40788与植物乳杆菌联合使用，其好氧稳定性并不比单独将布氏乳杆菌40788施用于玉米时更好。添加布氏乳杆菌40788不影响高水分玉米的发酵速率，但在长期储存后，较高的施用量会增加乙酸产量并显著提高好氧稳定性。
