Robson Helen, Siebler Thomas, Shalet Stephen M, Williams Graham R
Department of Clinical Research, Christie Hospital National Health Service Trust, Manchester, UK.
Pediatr Res. 2002 Aug;52(2):137-47. doi: 10.1203/00006450-200208000-00003.
Linear growth occurs during development and the childhood years until epiphyseal fusion occurs. This process results from endochondral ossification in the growth plates of long bones and is regulated by systemic hormones and paracrine or autocrine factors. The major regulators of developmental and childhood growth are GH, IGF-I, glucocorticoids, and thyroid hormone. Sex steroids are responsible for the pubertal growth spurt and epiphyseal fusion. This review will consider interactions between GH, IGF-I, glucocorticoids, and thyroid hormone during linear growth. It is well known from physiologic and clinical studies that these hormones interact at the level of the hypothalamus and pituitary. Interacting effects on peripheral tissues such as liver are also well understood, but we concentrate here on the epiphyseal growth plate as an important and newly appreciated target organ for convergent hormone action.
线性生长发生在发育阶段以及儿童期，直至骨骺融合。这个过程源于长骨生长板中的软骨内成骨，受全身性激素以及旁分泌或自分泌因子调节。发育和儿童期生长的主要调节因子是生长激素（GH）、胰岛素样生长因子-I（IGF-I）、糖皮质激素和甲状腺激素。性类固醇负责青春期生长突增和骨骺融合。本综述将探讨线性生长过程中生长激素、胰岛素样生长因子-I、糖皮质激素和甲状腺激素之间的相互作用。从生理学和临床研究中可知，这些激素在下丘脑和垂体水平相互作用。它们对肝脏等外周组织的相互作用效应也已得到充分了解，但我们在此将重点放在骨骺生长板，它是激素协同作用的一个重要且新被认识的靶器官。
