Lessenger James E, Roper Glade F
Family Practice Department, Kern Medical Center, Bakersfield, Calif, USA.
J Am Board Fam Pract. 2002 Jul-Aug;15(4):298-303.
Drug courts are a judicial response to drug-related crimes. They combine the coercive powers of the judiciary with drug treatment. This article is intended to familiarize physicians with the reasons why drug courts exist, what they are, and how physicians can assist their patients who are clients of a drug court.
Methods for this article are based upon personal experience and a search of the literature using the key words "drug rehabilitation," "drug abuse," and "criminal justice system."
Using a three-phase approach, drug courts emphasize urine drug testing, rapid punishment for specific infractions, and therapeutic interventions. Drug courts have greatly reduced criminal and drug-using recidivism.
Drug courts are effective in resolving the criminal and drug-using behaviors in drug-only, nonviolent offenders. Family physicians can become involved in the drug court process by providing treatment for patients with both drug addiction and mental health diagnoses. In addition, as patients withdraw from drugs, it is important to treat withdrawal symptoms to prevent recidivism and encourage participation in the program.
毒品法庭是对与毒品相关犯罪的司法回应。它们将司法强制力与戒毒治疗相结合。本文旨在让医生了解毒品法庭存在的原因、其性质以及医生如何帮助其作为毒品法庭当事人的患者。
本文的方法基于个人经验以及使用关键词“戒毒康复”“药物滥用”和“刑事司法系统”对文献的检索。
毒品法庭采用三阶段方法，强调尿液毒品检测、对特定违规行为的快速惩处以及治疗干预。毒品法庭已大幅降低犯罪和吸毒的累犯率。
毒品法庭在解决仅涉及毒品的非暴力罪犯的犯罪和吸毒行为方面很有效。家庭医生可以通过为同时患有药物成瘾和精神健康诊断的患者提供治疗来参与毒品法庭程序。此外，当患者戒毒时，治疗戒断症状以防止累犯并鼓励参与该计划很重要。
