Schindler Joshua S, Kelly James H
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Laryngoscope. 2002 Apr;112(4):589-602. doi: 10.1097/00005537-200204000-00001.
Changes that occur as a natural part of senescence in the complex action of deglutition predispose us to dysphagia and aspiration. As the "baby-boomers" begin to age, the onset of swallowing difficulties will begin to manifest in a greater number of our population. Recent advances in the evaluation of normal and abnormal swallowing make possible more precise anatomical and physiological diagnoses. Coupled with an understanding of swallowing physiology, such detailed evaluation allows greater opportunity to safely manage dysphagia with directed therapy and appropriate surgical intervention. The current study is a discussion of the changes that occur in deglutition with normal aging, contemporary evaluation of swallowing function, and some of the common causes of dysphagia in elderly patients.
在吞咽这一复杂活动中，作为衰老自然过程一部分而发生的变化，使我们易于出现吞咽困难和误吸。随着“婴儿潮一代”开始变老，吞咽困难将在更多人群中显现出来。正常和异常吞咽评估方面的最新进展，使得更精确的解剖学和生理学诊断成为可能。结合对吞咽生理学的理解，这种详细评估为通过定向治疗和适当的手术干预安全管理吞咽困难提供了更多机会。本研究讨论了正常衰老过程中吞咽发生的变化、吞咽功能的当代评估以及老年患者吞咽困难的一些常见原因。
