Medhus A
Scand J Soc Med. 1975;3(3):111-5. doi: 10.1177/140349487500300302.
The investigation group is composed of the 83 female alcoholics who, in the period of 1961-68, were subjected to their first compulsory treatment by the Temperance Board in Malmo. Their socioeconomic status was low. In many cases the women were heavily disadvantaged, socially. By the end of 1973, 15 of them (18%) had died: 8 through accidents, 4 by suicide, 1 of liver cirrhosis, 1 of myocardial infarction, and 1 of cerebral haemorrhage. General and cause-specific mortality was calculated on the basis of age-specific risk tables for females. The ratio of observed to expected mortality was: for all causes of death fully 7:1, for accidents 70:1, for suicides 30:1, and for other causes 1.6:1. Those who died as a result of suicide were on average younger than the other female alcoholics at the first compulsory treatment, and those who died of other causes were on average older. All who died by suicide had earlier made many attempts at suicide. In fully half of all known attempts at suicide, violent methods had been employed.
调查小组由83名女性酗酒者组成，她们在1961年至1968年期间首次接受了马尔默戒酒委员会的强制治疗。她们的社会经济地位较低。在很多情况下，这些女性在社会上处于极为不利的境地。到1973年底，其中15人（18%）已经死亡：8人死于事故，4人自杀，1人死于肝硬化，1人死于心肌梗死，1人死于脑出血。根据女性特定年龄风险表计算了总体死亡率和死因别死亡率。观察到的死亡率与预期死亡率之比为：所有死因的死亡率高达7:1，事故死亡率为70:1，自杀死亡率为30:1，其他死因的死亡率为1.6:1。自杀死亡者在首次接受强制治疗时平均比其他女性酗酒者年轻，死于其他原因的人平均年龄更大。所有自杀死亡者此前都曾多次尝试自杀。在所有已知的自杀尝试中，足足有一半采用了暴力手段。
