Imbriani M, Maestri L, Marraccini P, Saretto G, Alessio A, Negri S, Ghittori S
Dipartimento di Medicina Preventiva, Occupazionale e di Comunità, II Sezione di Medicina del Lavoro, Pavia, Italy.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2002 Sep;75(7):445-52. doi: 10.1007/s00420-002-0335-3. Epub 2002 Jun 14.
We conducted this biomonitoring study with the aim of evaluating the correlation between the excretion of N-methylformamide (NMF) (mainly from N-hydroxy- N-methylformamide) and N-acetyl- S-( N-methylcarbamoyl)cysteine (AMCC), and levels of exposure to N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) among occupationally exposed subjects.
Exposure levels were determined by personal sampling: breathing zone air samples were collected by means of passive samplers. DMF collected by the charcoal in personal samplers was analysed after extraction with methanol by a gas chromatograph. For the purpose of biological monitoring the levels of NMF and AMCC were measured in pre-shift and post-shift samples. Determinations were carried out by, respectively, gas chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
The mean time-weighted average (TWA) exposure was approximately half (13.5 mg/m(3)) of the current threshold limit value, the range of the values was from 0.4 to 75.2 mg/m(3). Environmental DMF concentrations exhibited a significant correlation with the specific mercapturic acid (AMCC) collected at the end of the working week (AMCC Friday morning mg/l=1.384xDMF (mg/m(3))+8.708; r(2)=0.47; P<0.008]; hence urinary AMCC represents an index of the average exposure during several preceding working days, making it possible to calculate the approximate relationship between DMF uptake and excretion of this metabolite. A significant correlation was found also between the daily excretion of NMF and the corresponding levels of DMF in air. The equation of the regression line was: NMF (mg/g creatinine)=0.936xDMF (mg/m(3))+7.306; r(2)=0.522 ( P<0.0001).
我们开展了这项生物监测研究，旨在评估职业暴露人群中N - 甲基甲酰胺（NMF）（主要来自N - 羟基 - N - 甲基甲酰胺）和N - 乙酰 - S -（N - 甲基氨基甲酰）半胱氨酸（AMCC）的排泄量与N，N - 二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）暴露水平之间的相关性。
通过个人采样确定暴露水平：采用被动式采样器采集呼吸带空气样本。个人采样器中的活性炭收集的DMF经甲醇萃取后，用气相色谱仪进行分析。为进行生物监测，在班前和班后样本中测量NMF和AMCC的水平。分别通过气相色谱法和高效液相色谱法（HPLC）进行测定。
平均时间加权平均（TWA）暴露约为当前阈限值的一半（13.5 mg/m³），数值范围为0.4至75.2 mg/m³。环境DMF浓度与工作周结束时采集的特定硫醚氨酸（AMCC）呈显著相关性（周五上午AMCC毫克/升 = 1.384×DMF（毫克/立方米） + 8.708；r² = 0.47；P < 0.008）；因此，尿AMCC代表了前几个工作日的平均暴露指数，使得能够计算DMF摄入量与该代谢物排泄之间的近似关系。NMF的每日排泄量与空气中相应的DMF水平之间也发现了显著相关性。回归线方程为：NMF（毫克/克肌酐） = 0.936×DMF（毫克/立方米） + 7.306；r² = 0.522（P < 0.0001）。
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