Newton R, Ziegler J, Ateenyi-Agaba C, Bousarghin L, Casabonne D, Beral V, Mbidde E, Carpenter L, Reeves G, Parkin D M, Wabinga H, Mbulaiteye S, Jaffe H, Bourboulia D, Boshoff C, Touzé A, Coursaget P
Cancer Research UK, Epidemiology Unit, Gibson Building, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK.
Br J Cancer. 2002 Jul 29;87(3):301-8. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600451.
As part of a larger investigation of cancer in Uganda, we conducted a case-control study of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma in adults presenting at hospitals in Kampala. Participants were interviewed about social and lifestyle factors and had blood tested for antibodies to HIV, KSHV and HPV-16, -18 and -45. The odds of each factor among 60 people with conjunctival cancer was compared to that among 1214 controls with other cancer sites or types, using odds ratios, estimated with unconditional logistic regression. Conjunctival cancer was associated with HIV infection (OR 10.1, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 5.2-19.4; P<0.001), and was less common in those with a higher personal income (OR=0.4, 95% CI 0.3-0.7; P<0.001)[corrected]. The risk of conjunctival cancer increased with increasing time spent in cultivation and therefore in direct sunlight (chi2 trend=3.9, P=0.05), but decreased with decreasing age at leaving home (chi2 trend=3.9, P=0.05), perhaps reflecting less exposure to sunlight consequent to working in towns, although both results were of borderline statistical significance. To reduce confounding, sexual and reproductive variables were examined among HIV seropositive individuals only. Cases were more likely than controls to report that they had given or received gifts for sex (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.2-10.4; P=0.03), but this may have been a chance finding as no other sexual or reproductive variable was associated with conjunctival cancer, including the number of self-reported lifetime sexual partners (P=0.4). The seroprevalence of antibodies against HPV-18 and -45 was too low to make reliable conclusions. The presence of anti-HPV-16 antibodies was not significantly associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva (OR 1.5, 95% CI 0.5-4.3; P=0.5) and nor were anti-KSHV antibodies (OR 0.9, 95% CI 0.4-2.1; P=0.8). The 10-fold increased risk of conjunctival cancer in HIV infected individuals is similar to results from other studies. The role of other oncogenic viral infections is unclear.
作为乌干达一项更大规模癌症调查的一部分，我们针对在坎帕拉各医院就诊的成年结膜鳞状细胞癌患者开展了一项病例对照研究。研究人员就社会和生活方式因素对参与者进行了访谈，并对他们的血液进行检测，以筛查针对HIV、KSHV以及HPV-16、-18和-45的抗体。采用无条件逻辑回归估计的比值比，将60例结膜癌患者中各因素的比值与1214例其他癌症部位或类型的对照者中的比值进行比较。结膜癌与HIV感染相关（比值比10.1，95%置信区间[CI]5.2 - 19.4；P<0.001），在个人收入较高者中结膜癌较少见（比值比 = 0.4，95% CI 0.3 - 0.7；P<0.001）[校正后]。结膜癌风险随着从事耕种时间进而在阳光下直接暴露时间的增加而升高（卡方趋势 = 3.9，P = 0.05），但随着离开家乡年龄的降低而降低（卡方趋势 = 3.9，P = 0.05），这或许反映出在城镇工作导致阳光暴露较少，尽管这两个结果的统计学意义都接近临界值。为减少混杂因素，仅在HIV血清阳性个体中研究了性和生殖变量。病例比对照更有可能报告他们曾以性交易换取礼物（比值比3.5，95% CI 1.2 - 10.4；P = 0.03），但这可能是偶然发现，因为没有其他性或生殖变量与结膜癌相关，包括自我报告的终生性伴侣数量（P = 0.4）。针对HPV-18和-45抗体的血清阳性率过低，无法得出可靠结论。抗HPV-16抗体的存在与结膜鳞状细胞癌无显著关联（比值比1.5，95% CI 0.5 - 4.3；P = 0.5），抗KSHV抗体也无关联（比值比0.9，95% CI 0.4 - 2.1；P = 0.8）。HIV感染者结膜癌风险升高10倍与其他研究结果相似。其他致癌病毒感染的作用尚不清楚。
Zotero 插件