Gembicki M
Wiad Lek. 2001;54 Suppl 1:143-8.
Fifteen years after Chernobyl nuclear plant catastrophe thyroid cancer was diagnosed in 882 persons among the group of 2,618,482 persons aged 6-18 years. The radioactive contamination, mainly with isotopes of radioactive iodine, seems to be a major cause of such a high incidence of thyroid cancer in children and adolescents. However, it is necessary to consider other factors which also might influence the process of transformation of the thyroid cells to the thyroid cancer. The iodine deficiency in environment was recognized as an important factor. Therefore, the countrywide programme of the investigations of iodine deficiency and goiter prevalence was established in the Republic of Belarus with the assistance of WHO Office for Europe. Within this program the examination of 11,562 children and adolescents aged 6-18 years from 30 schools in urban and rural areas was performed. The results obtained are typical for significant iodine deficiency and moderate goiter endemy. The analysis of these two factors and their influence on the incidence and distribution of thyroid cancer in different regions of Belarus is a subject of this paper. It is worth adding that 15 years after the catastrophe a visible rise in the number of thyroid cancers is noted in the group of adolescents and adults.
切尔诺贝利核电站灾难发生15年后，在2618482名6至18岁的人群中，有882人被诊断出患有甲状腺癌。放射性污染，主要是放射性碘同位素污染，似乎是儿童和青少年甲状腺癌高发的主要原因。然而，有必要考虑其他可能影响甲状腺细胞向甲状腺癌转变过程的因素。环境中的碘缺乏被认为是一个重要因素。因此，在世界卫生组织欧洲办事处的协助下，白俄罗斯共和国制定了全国碘缺乏和甲状腺肿患病率调查计划。在该计划范围内，对城乡30所学校的11562名6至18岁儿童和青少年进行了检查。所获得的结果是碘严重缺乏和中度甲状腺肿流行的典型表现。分析这两个因素及其对白俄罗斯不同地区甲状腺癌发病率和分布的影响是本文的主题。值得补充的是，灾难发生15年后，青少年和成年人组中甲状腺癌的数量明显增加。
