Piasecki Thomas M, Fiore Michael C, McCarthy Danielle E, Baker Timothy B
Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, 65211, USA.
Addiction. 2002 Sep;97(9):1093-108. doi: 10.1046/j.1360-0443.2002.00216.x.
Current smoking cessation treatments seem to differ from one another in the proportion of ex-smokers who survive the first few days of the quit attempt. After this initial effect, parallel relapse processes appear to unfold in all treatment groups; no available treatments seem to alter the nature of this late relapse process. True relapse prevention will require that we obtain a better understanding of the forces contributing to relapse across the span of the cessation attempt. A working model of dynamic relapse processes may be necessary before treatments can be improved. In this paper, we suggest that the conceptual model of relapse proneness (RP) described originally by the National Working Conference on Smoking Relapse can serve as an ecumenical organizational framework that may be used to integrate and conceptualize relapse data in ways that could generate new strategies for relapse research and inform treatment design. As an illustration, we sketch a preliminary model of RP which postulates that physical withdrawal, stressors/temptations, and cessation fatigue each make independent, time-shifted contributions to relapse risk. A new round of descriptive research focused on relapse proneness processes may be a prerequisite for improving existing smoking cessation interventions.
目前的戒烟治疗方法在成功度过戒烟尝试最初几天的戒烟者比例方面似乎存在差异。在这一初始效应之后，所有治疗组似乎都出现了平行的复吸过程；似乎没有任何现有治疗方法能够改变这种后期复吸过程的本质。真正的预防复吸需要我们更好地理解在整个戒烟尝试过程中导致复吸的各种因素。在改进治疗方法之前，一个动态复吸过程的工作模型可能是必要的。在本文中，我们认为最初由全国吸烟复吸问题工作会议描述的复吸倾向（RP）概念模型可以作为一个普适的组织框架，用于整合和概念化复吸数据，从而为复吸研究生成新策略并为治疗设计提供参考。作为一个例证，我们勾勒了一个RP的初步模型，该模型假定身体戒断反应、压力源/诱惑以及戒烟疲劳各自对复吸风险做出独立的、有时间差的贡献。新一轮聚焦于复吸倾向过程的描述性研究可能是改进现有戒烟干预措施的前提条件。
