Augestad Liv Berit, Flanders W D
Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Technology Management, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2002 Aug;12(4):248-55. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0838.2002.00390.x.
Competitive female athletes may have higher risk of eating disorders (ED) than recreational athletes, in part because low body fat may be advantageous in sports. However, women who participate in sports or physical activities might also do this for weight reduction, altering body shape, and for other food related reasons. This study was conducted to evaluate the association between hours of leisure time physical activity (PA) and prevalence of ED, and whether the association between the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI) scales and ED, as classified by the Survey of Eating Disorders (SED), was the same among women with high vs. low physical activity levels. The community-based study sample consisted of 898 female students aged 18-50 years. Subjects filled out the EDI, the SED, and a questionnaire concerning physical activity and demographic data. Physical activity was not associated with increased risk of having a SED-defined diagnosis of an ED or of having an EDI score greater than 40, which is sometimes used to define women at risk for having an eating disorder. Women with a SED-defined ED had higher scores on all subscales of the EDI, but did not differ with respect to age, BMI or hours of weekly activity. The strongest predictors of having a SED-defined ED were body mass index (BMI), two EDI scales, drive of thinness and Bulimia Nervosa, with no differences between the two PA groups. Among women with a SED-defined ED, those with more than 5 h weekly PA did not differ from others with respect to scoring on the EDI or BMI. Results suggest that hours of physical activity may not increase risk of developing ED. Effective interventions are needed to help the growing numbers of persons with body-image and eating difficulties. For some, moderate physical training might be helpful.
竞技女运动员比业余女运动员患饮食失调症（ED）的风险可能更高，部分原因是低体脂在运动中可能具有优势。然而，参与体育运动或身体活动的女性也可能是为了减肥、改变体型以及其他与饮食相关的原因才这样做。本研究旨在评估休闲时间身体活动（PA）时长与饮食失调症患病率之间的关联，以及饮食失调症问卷（EDI）量表与饮食失调症（按饮食失调调查[SED]分类）之间的关联在高身体活动水平与低身体活动水平的女性中是否相同。这项基于社区的研究样本包括898名年龄在18至50岁之间的女学生。受试者填写了EDI、SED以及一份关于身体活动和人口统计学数据的问卷。身体活动与SED定义的饮食失调症诊断风险增加或EDI得分大于40（有时用于定义有饮食失调风险的女性）并无关联。患有SED定义的饮食失调症的女性在EDI的所有子量表上得分更高，但在年龄、体重指数（BMI）或每周活动时长方面并无差异。SED定义的饮食失调症的最强预测因素是体重指数（BMI）、EDI的两个量表、追求瘦身和神经性贪食，两个PA组之间没有差异。在患有SED定义的饮食失调症的女性中，每周PA超过5小时的女性在EDI得分或BMI方面与其他女性并无差异。结果表明，身体活动时长可能不会增加患饮食失调症的风险。需要有效的干预措施来帮助越来越多有身体形象和饮食问题的人。对一些人来说，适度的体育锻炼可能会有所帮助。
