Galea Sandro, Resnick Heidi, Ahern Jennifer, Gold Joel, Bucuvalas Michael, Kilpatrick Dean, Stuber Jennifer, Vlahov David
Center for Urban Epidemiologic Studies, New York Academy of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA.
J Urban Health. 2002 Sep;79(3):340-53. doi: 10.1093/jurban/79.3.340.
Estimates of acute mental health symptoms in the general population after disasters are scarce. We assessed the prevalence and correlates of acute posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in residents of Manhattan 5-8 weeks after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. We used random-digit dialing to contact a representative sample of adults living in Manhattan below 110th Street. Participants were interviewed about prior life events, personal characteristics, exposure to the events of September 11th, and psychological symptoms after the attack. Among 988 eligible adults, 19.3% reported symptoms consistent with PTSD at some point in their life, and 8.8% reported symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of current (within the past 30 days) PTSD. Overall, 57.8% of respondents reported at least one PTSD symptom in the past month. The most common past-month symptoms were intrusive memories (27.4%) and insomnia (24.5%). Predictors of current PTSD in a multivariable model were residence below Canal Street, low social support, life stressors 12 months prior to September 11th, perievent panic attack, losing possessions in the attacks, and involvement in the rescue efforts. These findings can help guide resource planning for future disasters in densely populated urban areas.
关于灾难后普通人群急性心理健康症状的评估数据匮乏。我们评估了2001年9月11日恐怖袭击事件发生5至8周后曼哈顿居民中急性创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的患病率及其相关因素。我们采用随机数字拨号法联系居住在曼哈顿第110街以下的具有代表性的成年人群样本。对参与者进行了关于既往生活事件、个人特征、9月11日事件暴露情况以及袭击后心理症状的访谈。在988名符合条件的成年人中，19.3%报告在其生活中的某个时刻出现了符合PTSD的症状，8.8%报告出现了符合当前（过去30天内）PTSD诊断的症状。总体而言，57.8%的受访者报告在过去一个月至少出现了一种PTSD症状。过去一个月最常见的症状是侵入性记忆（27.4%）和失眠（24.5%）。多变量模型中当前PTSD的预测因素包括运河街以下的住所位置、低社会支持、9月11日前12个月的生活压力源、事件期间的惊恐发作、在袭击中失去财产以及参与救援工作。这些发现有助于指导人口密集城市地区未来灾难的资源规划。
