Akunjee Muhammed, Ali Asif
Guy's, Kings and St Thomas' Hospital Medical Schools, London SE1 9RT.
Med Confl Surviv. 2002 Jul-Sep;18(3):249-57. doi: 10.1080/13623690208409633.
As a consequence of the 1991 Gulf War and the ensuing UN sanctions, not only was the Iraqi government destroyed, but also the general infrastructure of the country was disrupted, with the civilian population and public services bearing much of the aftermath. Ten years after the war, the health system in Iraq is still in a perilous situation. The effects of sanctions have affected almost every aspect of medical care. There has been a mass exodus of health care professionals, many of whom were foreign nationals. Doctors' salaries fell rapidly to only $30 a month, barely enough to buy the necessities of daily living. Iraqi hospitals have no access to foreign journals, textbooks or the internet; leading to a generation of out-dated and under-skilled health professionals. Most worrying is the ever-present embargo on many essential medicines. Only one-third of the medicines are available for chemotherapy for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children (UKALL 97 modified 99 protocol). At the Al-Mansour paediatric teaching hospital this shortfall has led to a substantial increase in childhood mortality, with disease-free survival rates falling to 25 per cent compared to 60 per cent in 1988.
由于1991年的海湾战争以及随后的联合国制裁，不仅伊拉克政府被摧毁，该国的总体基础设施也遭到破坏，平民百姓和公共服务承受了大部分后果。战后十年，伊拉克的卫生系统仍处于危险境地。制裁的影响几乎波及医疗保健的方方面面。医疗保健专业人员大量外流，其中许多是外国人。医生的薪水迅速降至每月仅30美元，几乎不足以购买日常生活必需品。伊拉克医院无法获取外国期刊、教科书或互联网，导致一代卫生专业人员过时且技能不足。最令人担忧的是对许多基本药物始终存在的禁运。治疗儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病（UKALL 97修改版99方案）所需的化疗药物只有三分之一可供使用。在曼苏尔儿科教学医院，这种短缺导致儿童死亡率大幅上升，无病生存率降至25%，而1988年为60%。
