Schuit A Jantine, van Loon A Jeanne M, Tijhuis Marja, Ocké Marga
Department of Chronic Diseases Epidemiology, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Prev Med. 2002 Sep;35(3):219-24. doi: 10.1006/pmed.2002.1064.
The objective of the study was to evaluate the degree of clustering of common lifestyle risk factors in a general adult population and to define subgroups with elevated clustering.
Data on lifestyle risk factors (smoking, low vegetable and fruit consumption, excessive alcohol intake, and low physical activity), sociodemographics, and health perception were collected by questionnaire from 16,789 men and women aged 20 to 59.
About 20% of the subjects had at least three lifestyle risk factors. Prevalence of risk factors was higher among unemployed, low-educated subjects and those who had experienced health deterioration. All lifestyle risk factors showed significant clustering, except for low physical activity and excessive alcohol consumption. The strongest association was observed for alcohol and smoking (prevalence odds ratio (POR): 2.38; 95% confidence interval: 2.18-2.61). Clustering of smoking and alcohol consumption was strongest among the young subjects (POR: 3.78) and, although moderately, clustering of lifestyle risk factors was elevated in subjects who had experienced a deterioration in health.
These findings suggest that common lifestyle risk factors cluster among adult subjects. The tendency for risk factors to aggregate has important implications for health promotion. Information on high-risk groups will help in planning future preventive strategies.
本研究的目的是评估普通成年人群中常见生活方式风险因素的聚集程度，并确定聚集性升高的亚组。
通过问卷调查收集了16789名年龄在20至59岁之间的男性和女性的生活方式风险因素（吸烟、蔬菜和水果摄入量低、过量饮酒以及身体活动不足）、社会人口统计学和健康认知数据。
约20%的受试者至少有三种生活方式风险因素。在失业者、低学历者以及那些健康状况恶化的人群中，风险因素的患病率更高。除了身体活动不足和过量饮酒外，所有生活方式风险因素均显示出显著的聚集性。观察到酒精与吸烟之间的关联最强（患病率比值比（POR）：2.38；95%置信区间：2.18 - 2.61）。吸烟与饮酒的聚集性在年轻受试者中最强（POR：3.78），并且，尽管程度适中，但在健康状况恶化的受试者中，生活方式风险因素的聚集性有所升高。
这些发现表明，常见生活方式风险因素在成年受试者中存在聚集现象。风险因素聚集的趋势对健康促进具有重要意义。关于高危人群的信息将有助于规划未来的预防策略。
