Dennison Anita C, VanMetre David C, Callan Robert J, Dinsmore Page, Mason Gary L, Ellis Robert P
Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523-1620, USA.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2002 Sep 1;221(5):686-9. doi: 10.2460/javma.2002.221.686.
To determine signalment, history, and clinical, necropsy, and microbiologic findings in dairy cows with hemorrhagic bowel syndrome.
Retrospective study.
22 adult dairy cows from a single farm in Colorado.
Medical records were reviewed for information on signalment, medical and reproductive history, the owner's chief complaints, results of physical examinations and ancillary diagnostic tests, treatment and response to treatment, results of microbiologic testing, and, if applicable, postmortem findings.
Common clinical signs were acute signs of profound depression, decreased milk production, tachycardia, ruminal stasis, abdominal distention, and dark clotted blood in the feces. Rectal examination revealed distended loops of small intestine in 7 of 14 cows. Transabdominal ultrasonography revealed small intestinal ileus and distention in 12 of 12 cows and homogeneous echogenic intraluminal material compatible with intraluminal hemorrhage and clot formation in 4. Seven of 8 cows treated medically died; 9 of 13 cows that underwent surgery died or were euthanatized. Clostridium perfringens was isolated from fecal samples from 17 of 20 cows. The most common morphologic diagnosis at necropsy was severe necrohemorrhagic enteritis or jejunitis with intraluminal hemorrhage or blood clots. The most prominent histologic finding was severe, segmental submucosal hemorrhage and edema of the small intestine.
Results confirm that in adult cattle, hemorrhagic bowel syndrome is a sporadic acute intestinal disorder characterized by intraluminal hemorrhage and obstruction of the small intestine. Clostridium perfringens was consistently isolated from the feces of affected cows. The prognosis for affected cows was grave.
确定患有出血性肠综合征的奶牛的特征、病史以及临床、尸检和微生物学检查结果。
回顾性研究。
来自科罗拉多州一个单一农场的22头成年奶牛。
查阅病历，获取有关特征、医学和繁殖史、畜主主要诉求、体格检查和辅助诊断测试结果、治疗及治疗反应、微生物学检测结果，以及适用时的尸检结果等信息。
常见临床症状为极度抑郁的急性症状、产奶量下降、心动过速、瘤胃积食、腹胀以及粪便中有暗红色凝血。直肠检查显示，14头奶牛中有7头的小肠肠袢扩张。经腹超声检查显示，12头奶牛中有12头存在小肠梗阻和扩张，4头奶牛的肠腔内有与腔内出血和血凝块相符的均匀回声物质。接受药物治疗的8头奶牛中有7头死亡；接受手术的13头奶牛中有9头死亡或被安乐死。从20头奶牛中的17头粪便样本中分离出产气荚膜梭菌。尸检时最常见的形态学诊断是严重坏死性出血性肠炎或空肠炎伴腔内出血或血凝块。最显著的组织学发现是小肠严重的节段性黏膜下出血和水肿。
结果证实，在成年牛中，出血性肠综合征是一种散发性急性肠道疾病，其特征为腔内出血和小肠梗阻。产气荚膜梭菌一直从患病奶牛的粪便中分离得到。患病奶牛的预后很差。
