Isosaari Pirjo, Vartiainen Terttu, Hallikainen Anja, Ruohonen Kari
Department of Environmental Health, National Public Health Institute, Kuopio, Finland.
Chemosphere. 2002 Sep;48(8):795-804. doi: 10.1016/s0045-6535(02)00128-5.
Fish is an important source of dietary intake of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). To assess bioaccumulation of PCDD/Fs and PCBs in farm-raised fish, rainbow trout were fed with either Baltic herring or dry fish feed. Baltic herring feed had a PCDD/F sum concentration of 125 ng kg(-1) dry weight (d.w.), and dry fish feed contained 18.2 ng kg(-1) d.w. of PCDD/Fs. The PCB concentrations of Baltic herring and dry fish feed were 188 and 48.7 microg kg(-1) d.w., respectively. After feeding with Baltic herring for 4 months, the PCDD/F concentration of the rainbow trout fillet was 27.3 ng kg(-1) fresh weight (f.w.), which was 7.0-fold higher than the initial concentration. The PCDD/F concentration and congener profile in rainbow trout had become almost the same as in Baltic herring. PCDD/Fs were accumulated in the fillet with an efficiency of 21%. Feeding of rainbow trout with dry fish feed resulted in a PCDD/F concentration of 8.08 ng kg(-1) f.w., denoting a 2.1-fold increase from the initial level. The accumulation efficiency was 29%. Time trends in PCB concentrations followed those of PCDD/Fs. After 4 months, the PCB sum concentration in herring-fed rainbow trout was 94.4 pg kg(-1) f.w., whereas in dry fish feed-fed rainbow trout it was 38.6 microg kg(-1) f.w. Accumulation efficiencies of PCBs were higher than those of PCDD/Fs. Based on the accumulated PCDD/F and PCB concentrations, it was estimated that frequent consumption of rainbow trout fed with Baltic herring could lead to a human daily intake that exceeds the recommendation of WHO.
鱼类是多氯代二苯并 - 对二噁英和二苯并呋喃（PCDD/Fs）以及多氯联苯（PCBs）膳食摄入的重要来源。为评估PCDD/Fs和PCBs在养殖鱼类中的生物累积情况，虹鳟鱼分别投喂波罗的海鲱鱼或干鱼饲料。波罗的海鲱鱼饲料中PCDD/Fs的总浓度为125纳克/千克干重（d.w.），干鱼饲料中PCDD/Fs的含量为18.2纳克/千克干重。波罗的海鲱鱼和干鱼饲料中PCB的浓度分别为188微克/千克干重和48.7微克/千克干重。用波罗的海鲱鱼喂养4个月后，虹鳟鱼片的PCDD/F浓度为27.3纳克/千克鲜重（f.w.），比初始浓度高7.0倍。虹鳟鱼中PCDD/F的浓度和同系物分布几乎与波罗的海鲱鱼相同。PCDD/Fs在鱼片中的累积效率为21%。用干鱼饲料喂养虹鳟鱼导致PCDD/F浓度为8.08纳克/千克鲜重，比初始水平增加了2.1倍。累积效率为29%。PCB浓度的时间趋势与PCDD/Fs一致。4个月后，用鲱鱼喂养的虹鳟鱼中PCB的总浓度为94.4微克/千克鲜重，而用干鱼饲料喂养的虹鳟鱼中为38.6微克/千克鲜重。PCBs的累积效率高于PCDD/Fs。根据累积的PCDD/F和PCB浓度估计，经常食用用波罗的海鲱鱼喂养的虹鳟鱼可能导致人类每日摄入量超过世界卫生组织的建议值。
