de Leon Jose, Tracy Joseph, McCann Eileen, McGrory Amy
Mental Health Research Center at Eastern State Hospital, 627 West Fourth St., Lexington, KY 40508, USA.
Schizophr Res. 2002 Oct 1;57(2-3):293-301. doi: 10.1016/s0920-9964(01)00292-4.
A prior study in a US state hospital suggested that schizophrenia, smoking and long hospitalization were associated with polydipsia. This study, in another US hospital, attempts to (1) replicate that schizophrenia and smoking are associated with polydipsia, and (2) rule out that this relationship is partly explained by alcohol and drug use. Both studies have similar methodologies. The second sample included 588 inpatients. Models of variables associated with polydipsia were developed using logistic regression. In the second study, after correcting for other factors, the association between polydipsia and schizophrenia showed a borderline significance, while polydipsia and smoking displayed a significant association. Neither organic brain lesions, nor alcohol or drug use, were associated with polydipsia. An analysis combining both samples showed that: (1) schizophrenia, long hospitalization, smoking and heavy smoking were significantly associated with polydipsia, and (2) male gender and Caucasian race (but not smoking) increased the risk of developing water intoxication in polydipsic patients. These two studies in severely mentally ill patients suggest that the association of polydipsia with schizophrenia, smoking and chronicity is consistent and independent from the definition of polydipsia (by staff, a biological method or the combination of both). Psychiatric medications do not appear to explain most cases of polydipsia in these patients.
美国一家州立医院之前的一项研究表明，精神分裂症、吸烟和长期住院与烦渴症有关。本研究在美国的另一家医院进行，试图（1）验证精神分裂症和吸烟与烦渴症有关，以及（2）排除这种关系部分是由酒精和药物使用所导致的。两项研究采用了相似的方法。第二个样本包括588名住院患者。使用逻辑回归建立了与烦渴症相关的变量模型。在第二项研究中，校正其他因素后，烦渴症与精神分裂症之间的关联显示出临界显著性，而烦渴症与吸烟之间呈现出显著关联。器质性脑损伤、酒精或药物使用均与烦渴症无关。对两个样本进行合并分析显示：（1）精神分裂症、长期住院、吸烟和重度吸烟与烦渴症显著相关，以及（2）男性和白种人（而非吸烟）会增加烦渴症患者发生水中毒的风险。这两项针对重症精神病患者的研究表明，烦渴症与精神分裂症、吸烟及病程的关联是一致的，且独立于烦渴症的定义（由工作人员判断、生物学方法或两者结合）。在这些患者中，精神科药物似乎无法解释大多数烦渴症病例。
