Bernhard Uli, Leader Andrew, Longhurst Chris, Felsenstein Friedrich G
Dow AgroSciences GmbH, Truderinger Str. 15, 81677 Munich, Germany.
Pest Manag Sci. 2002 Sep;58(9):972-4. doi: 10.1002/ps.556.
Wheat powdery mildew, Blumeria (= Erysiphe) graminis DC f sp tritici Marschal is one of the most important foliar diseases of cereals in Europe, and has shown a high potential for adaptability in sensitivity towards modern fungicides during the last 20 years. Quinoxyfen is a surface-mobile fungicide from a new chemical class that has been commercially used for the control of B graminis in Europe since 1997. When the compound was launched, a Resistance Management Strategy was implemented which included: no seed treatments, no autumn use, a specified window of application and recommendations for appropriate tank-mixing. To assess the success of this Management Strategy, a European-wide resistance monitoring programme was carried out between 1995 and 2000 using spore trap sampling, and a whole plant assay. The mean EC50 values found by year were 0.060 mg litre-1 in 1995, 0.052 mg litre-1 in 1996, 0.071 ml litre-1 in 1997, 0.039 mg litre-1 in 1998, 0.039 mg litre-1 in 1999 and 0.063 mg litre-1 in 2000. No new sensitivity classes were found. The slight shift to lower sensitivity in 1998 and 1999 was correlated with similar shifts in three wildtype isolates, and was ascribed to experimental variation. The monitoring programme will continue to assess the long-term impact of the management recommendations on the resistance status of quinoxyfen.
小麦白粉病，即禾本科布氏白粉菌（Blumeria (= Erysiphe) graminis DC f sp tritici Marschal），是欧洲谷物最重要的叶部病害之一，在过去20年里，其对现代杀菌剂的敏感性显示出很高的适应潜力。喹氧灵是一种新型化学类别的表面移动性杀菌剂，自1997年起在欧洲商业用于防治禾本科布氏白粉菌。该化合物推出时，实施了一项抗性管理策略，包括：不进行种子处理、不在秋季使用、规定施药窗口期以及适当桶混的建议。为评估该管理策略的成效，1995年至2000年间开展了一项全欧洲范围的抗性监测计划，采用孢子捕捉采样和整株测定法。逐年得出的平均EC50值分别为：1995年0.060毫克/升，1996年0.052毫克/升，1997年0.071毫克/升，1998年0.039毫克/升，1999年0.039毫克/升，2000年0.063毫克/升。未发现新的敏感性类别。1998年和1999年敏感性略有下降，与三个野生型分离株的类似变化相关，归因于实验变异。该监测计划将继续评估管理建议对喹氧灵抗性状况的长期影响。
