Lin Bin, Van Verseveld Henk W, Röling Wilfred F M
Biology Institute, Henan Academy of Sciences, 28 Huayuanlu, Zhengzhou 450008, China.
Biomed Environ Sci. 2002 Jun;15(2):130-44.
Combined with conventional methods, developments in both geochemical (delineation of redox processes) and molecular microbial methods (analysis of 16S rDNA genes and functional genes) have allowed us to study in details microorganisms and genes involved in the anaerobic degradation of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) under specific redox conditions. This review summarizes recent research in this field. The potential for anaerobic BTEX degradation is widely spread. Specific groups of microorganisms appear to be involved in degradation under different redox conditions. Members of the Azoarcus/Thauera cluster perform BTEX degradation under denitrifying conditions, Geobacteraceae under Fe (III) reducing conditions and Desulfobacteriaceae under sulfate reducing conditions. The information so far obtained on biochemistry and molecular genetics of BTEX degradation indicates that each BTEX compound is funneled into the central benzyol-CoA pathway by a different peripheral pathway. The peripheral pathways of per BTEX compound show similarities among different physiological groups of microorganisms. We also describe how knowledge obtained on the microbial aspects of BTEX degradation can be used to enhance and monitor anaerobic BTEX degradation.
结合传统方法，地球化学方法（氧化还原过程的描绘）和分子微生物方法（16S rDNA基因和功能基因分析）的发展，使我们能够详细研究在特定氧化还原条件下参与苯、甲苯、乙苯和二甲苯（BTEX）厌氧降解的微生物和基因。本综述总结了该领域的最新研究。厌氧BTEX降解的潜力广泛存在。特定的微生物群似乎参与不同氧化还原条件下的降解。偶氮弧菌/陶厄氏菌属簇的成员在反硝化条件下进行BTEX降解，地杆菌科在铁（III）还原条件下进行降解，脱硫杆菌科在硫酸盐还原条件下进行降解。目前关于BTEX降解的生物化学和分子遗传学所获得的信息表明，每种BTEX化合物通过不同的外周途径进入中心苯甲酰辅酶A途径。每种BTEX化合物的外周途径在不同生理组的微生物之间表现出相似性。我们还描述了如何将从BTEX降解的微生物方面获得的知识用于增强和监测厌氧BTEX降解。
