Kloosterman R, Van Der Leun J, Rath J
J Ethn Migr Stud. 1998 Apr;24(2):249-68. doi: 10.1080/1369183X.1998.9976632.
"In this article, we [explore] the relationship between informal economic activities and recent immigrants in the Netherlands.... We will give an overview of important trends on both the demand and the supply side of entrepreneurial activities in the informal economy. We argue that the potential for informal economic activities by immigrants in large Dutch cities has been growing since the early 1980s. After having outlined this analytical framework, we examine some recent evidence on informal economic activities by immigrants in the Netherlands, especially in the bakeries sector, before concluding the discussion."
在本文中，我们探讨了荷兰非正规经济活动与新移民之间的关系……我们将概述非正规经济中创业活动在需求和供给方面的重要趋势。我们认为，自20世纪80年代初以来，荷兰大城市中移民从事非正规经济活动的可能性一直在增加。在概述了这一分析框架之后，我们研究了一些关于荷兰移民非正规经济活动的最新证据，特别是面包店行业的证据，然后结束讨论。
