Smith Jennifer S, Robinson N Jamie
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Unit of Field and Intervention Studies, 69372 Lyon, France.
J Infect Dis. 2002 Oct 15;186 Suppl 1:S3-28. doi: 10.1086/343739.
Information on age- and sex-specific prevalence of herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 2 and 1 infections is essential to optimize genital herpes control strategies, which increase in importance because accumulating data indicate that HSV-2 infection may increase acquisition and transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. This review summarizes data from peer-reviewed publications of type-specific HSV seroepidemiologic surveys. HSV-2 prevalence is, in general, highest in Africa and the Americas, lower in western and southern Europe than in northern Europe and North America, and lowest in Asia. HSV-2 and -1 prevalence, overall and by age, varies markedly by country, region within country, and population subgroup. Age-specific HSV-2 prevalence is usually higher in women than men and in populations with higher risk sexual behavior. HSV-2 prevalence has increased in the United States but national data from other countries are unavailable. HSV-1 infection is acquired during childhood and adolescence and is markedly more widespread than HSV-2 infection. Further studies are needed in many geographic areas.
了解单纯疱疹病毒2型和1型感染的年龄及性别特异性患病率对于优化生殖器疱疹控制策略至关重要，鉴于越来越多的数据表明HSV-2感染可能增加人类免疫缺陷病毒的感染和传播，这一点愈发重要。本综述总结了同行评审的特定型别HSV血清流行病学调查出版物中的数据。总体而言，HSV-2患病率在非洲和美洲最高，在西欧和南欧低于北欧和北美，在亚洲最低。HSV-2和-1的总体患病率以及按年龄划分的患病率，在不同国家、国家内的不同地区以及人群亚组中存在显著差异。特定年龄的HSV-2患病率通常女性高于男性，且在性行为风险较高的人群中也更高。美国的HSV-2患病率有所上升，但其他国家的全国性数据尚无可用。HSV-1感染在儿童期和青春期获得，且比HSV-2感染更为广泛。许多地理区域还需要进一步研究。
