Arweiler Nicole B, Auschill Thorsten M, Reich Elmar, Netuschil Lutz
Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Freiburg, Germany.
J Clin Periodontol. 2002 Jul;29(7):615-21. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-051x.2002.290705.x.
Toothpastes are good vehicles for antibacterial substances to exert a prolonged effect. This effect depends on the substantivity and ability to interfere with plaque metabolism and/or vitality. It was the purpose of this clinical, randomized 2 x 4 cell crossover study to evaluate and to compare the antibacterial effects of two toothpastes (Colgate Total(R), COL and Parodontax(R), PAR) applied as slurries on established plaque over 24 h (Part I) and their effect on 4-day plaque regrowth (Part II). Chlorhexamed(R) (0.1%; CHX) and water served as positive and negative controls.
After professional toothcleaning eight students were asked to refrain from all mechanical hygiene measures for the next 72 h. After 48 h plaque was sampled and vitality of the plaque flora examined (baseline, VF0%). The subjects then rinsed for 1 min with 15 mL of one of the test or control solutions. Every second hour up to 14 h and 24 h after rinsing, plaque sampling and staining was performed to assess plaque vitality (VF2-24, Part I). In Part II, the classical 4-day plaque regrowth design was used with two rinses (1 min) a day as the only oral hygiene measure. Vitality values were assessed on day 1 and day 4 (VF1, VF2). At day 4, teeth were stained to assess the whole mouth plaque index (PlI) and to evaluate the percentage of plaque area (PA) of the anterior teeth.
Compared to placebo, all active rinses reduced plaque vitality significantly over a period of 24 h (Part I). PAR, COL and CHX revealed reductions of 18-31%, 28-50% and 19-50%, respectively. In Part II, similar reductions of all parameters were found for all active rinses (PAR 12-30%, COL 34-51%, CHX 40-64%).
Colgate Total has shown a significant action on plaque regrowth and a high substantivity during 24 h, while Parodontax revealed a more moderate but still significant effect.
牙膏是抗菌物质发挥长效作用的良好载体。这种作用取决于其附着性以及干扰牙菌斑代谢和/或活力的能力。本临床随机2×4细胞交叉研究旨在评估和比较两种牙膏（高露洁全效牙膏（Colgate Total®），COL和专业防敏牙膏（Parodontax®），PAR）制成的含漱液在24小时内对已形成牙菌斑的抗菌效果（第一部分）及其对4天牙菌斑再生长的影响（第二部分）。洗必泰（Chlorhexamed®）（0.1%；CHX）和水分别作为阳性和阴性对照。
在进行专业牙齿清洁后，要求8名学生在接下来的72小时内避免所有机械性口腔卫生措施。48小时后采集牙菌斑样本并检测牙菌斑微生物群的活力（基线，VF0%）。然后受试者用15毫升一种测试或对照溶液漱口1分钟。在漱口后每两小时直至14小时和24小时，进行牙菌斑采样和染色以评估牙菌斑活力（VF2 - 24，第一部分）。在第二部分中，采用经典的4天牙菌斑再生长设计，每天两次漱口（1分钟）作为唯一的口腔卫生措施。在第1天和第4天评估活力值（VF1，VF2）。在第4天，对牙齿进行染色以评估全口牙菌斑指数（PlI）并评估前牙的牙菌斑面积百分比（PA）。
与安慰剂相比，所有活性含漱液在24小时内均显著降低了牙菌斑活力（第一部分）。PAR、COL和CHX的降低幅度分别为18%至31%、28%至50%和19%至50%。在第二部分中，所有活性含漱液在所有参数上均有类似程度的降低（PAR为12%至30%，COL为34%至51%，CHX为40%至64%）。
高露洁全效牙膏在牙菌斑再生长方面显示出显著作用，且在24小时内具有较高的附着性，而专业防敏牙膏显示出较为温和但仍显著的效果。
