Palmes E D, Lippmann M
Inhaled Part. 1975 Sep;4 Pt 1:127-36.
Models used to estimate both total and regional deposition of aerosols in the human respiratory tract have been proposed by a number of individuals and groups. Although the values chosen by different investigators for dimensions of airways or other air spaces may differ significantly from each other, there is the common assumption that the normal human respiratory tract is structurally uniform and that dimensions and branching patterns may be considered as constants in the deposition equations. There has been, therefore, considerable emphasis on estimating the effects of particle size, size dispersion, tidal volume and respiratory frequency. Much less attention has been paid to the normal intersubject variability of the size of air spaces in spite of the obvious influence this would have on aerosol deposition. Work on deposition from our own laboratories, as well as published results of others on pulmonary anatomy, has lead to the conclusion that there is considerable anatomic variability among normal subjects. Aerosol deposition in individuals examined under nearly identical conditions has also shown considerable variability. This paper will discuss the similarity in range of anatomical differences and differences in deposition and the probable relationship between the two.
许多个人和团体都提出了用于估计气溶胶在人体呼吸道中的总沉积和区域沉积的模型。尽管不同研究者为气道或其他气腔尺寸所选择的值可能彼此有很大差异，但存在一个共同的假设，即正常人体呼吸道在结构上是均匀的，并且在沉积方程中，尺寸和分支模式可被视为常数。因此，相当多的重点都放在了估计颗粒大小、大小分散度、潮气量和呼吸频率的影响上。尽管气腔大小的正常个体间变异性对气溶胶沉积会有明显影响，但人们对其关注却少得多。我们自己实验室关于沉积的研究工作，以及其他人发表的关于肺部解剖的结果，都得出了正常受试者之间存在相当大的解剖学变异性这一结论。在几乎相同条件下接受检查的个体中的气溶胶沉积也显示出相当大的变异性。本文将讨论解剖学差异范围与沉积差异之间的相似性以及两者之间可能的关系。
