Larriva-Sahd Jorge
Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico.
Brain Res Bull. 2002 Oct 15;59(1):1-11. doi: 10.1016/s0361-9230(02)00838-9.
Rafael Lorente de Nó is one of the towering neuroscientists of the 20th century. He was born in Zaragoza, Spain, in 1902. In 1920, he moved to Madrid where he became the youngest, and eventually the best known, of Ramón y Cajal's disciples. In his youth, Lorente de Nó worked with Oskar and Cécile Vogt in Germany and with Robert Bárány in Sweden. In 1934, he moved to the United States, where he first worked at the Central Institute for the Deaf (CID); in 1936, he was invited by Herbert S. Gasser to work at the Rockefeller Institute. After his formal retirement from this institute in 1972, Lorente de Nó spent 5 years at the Head and Neck Surgery Department and Brain Research Institute of the University of California at Los Angeles. He died in Tucson, Arizona, in 1990. Lorente de Nó was a gifted person: a polyglot with a remarkable memory and a versatile intellect, which together with his strong, almost belligerent character, made him a rather controversial human. The strength of his scientific contributions is evident by their current impact. Among these are: the modular (i.e., columnar) organization of the cerebral cortex, the synaptic delay, nerve volume conduction, synaptic summation, and the cybernetic (feed-back) neuron circuit. The present article provides a comment upon some of his neurohistological studies (including the cerebral isocortex, Ammon's horn, brainstem, and spinal cord), highlighted by transcripts from taped conversations with him, and illustrated by reproductions of some of his original figures.
拉斐尔·洛伦特·德·诺是20世纪杰出的神经科学家之一。他于1902年出生在西班牙萨拉戈萨。1920年，他搬到马德里，成为拉蒙·伊·卡哈尔最年轻且最终最知名的弟子。年轻时，洛伦特·德·诺曾在德国与奥斯卡和塞西尔·沃格特共事，在瑞典与罗伯特·巴拉尼共事。1934年，他移居美国，最初在中央聋人研究所（CID）工作；1936年，他受赫伯特·S·加塞尔邀请到洛克菲勒研究所工作。1972年从该研究所正式退休后，洛伦特·德·诺在加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校的头颈外科和脑研究所工作了5年。他于1990年在亚利桑那州图森去世。洛伦特·德·诺是个天赋异禀的人：精通多种语言，记忆力超群，智力多面，再加上他坚强、近乎好斗的性格，使他成为一个颇具争议的人物。他科学贡献的影响力至今仍很明显。其中包括：大脑皮层的模块化（即柱状）组织、突触延迟、神经容积传导、突触总和以及控制论（反馈）神经元回路。本文对他的一些神经组织学研究（包括大脑同型皮质、海马角、脑干和脊髓）进行了评论，以与他的录音对话文字记录为突出特色，并配有他一些原始图形的复制品加以说明。
