Espinosa-Sanchez Juan Manuel, Kaski Diego, Perez-Fernandez Nicolas, Batuecas-Caletrio Angel
Division of Otoneurology, Department of Otolaryngology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain.
Otology & Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, PTS, Granada, Spain.
J Vestib Res. 2023;33(5):287-297. doi: 10.3233/VES-220034.
Rafael Lorente de Nó was a neuroscientist that worked alongside two of the giants of Medicine, the Nobel Prize winners Cajal and Bárány.
To describe the contributions of Lorente de Nó to vestibular neuroscience.
Detailed review of the publications of Lorente de Nó and analysis of the archives from Junta para Ampliación de Estudios e Investigaciones Científicas at Residencia de Estudiantes (Madrid, Spain), Casa de Salud Valdecilla at Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla (Santander, Spain), Becker Medical Library at Washington University (St. Louis, MO, USA), Rockefeller Archive Center (Sleepy Hollow, New York, NY, USA), Archivo Fernando de Castro (Madrid, Spain), Biblioteca Nacional de España (Madrid, Spain) and Legado Cajal at Instituto Cajal (Madrid, Spain). Most of this material is unpublished and includes over a hundred letters to or from Lorente.
Lorente de Nó made a substantial contribution to our understanding of the vestibular system. Amongst these, he meticulously detailed the course of the vestibular nerve and its central projections. He described the vestibulo-ocular reflex as the consequence of an integration of the various nuclei and connections across the vestibular system, rather than a simple three-neuron arc. He also highlighted the role of the reticular formation in the generation of the fast phase of the nystagmus.
Lorente de Nó was a pioneer of modern neuro-otology, having made outstanding contributions to vestibular neuroscience, forging novel discoveries that still burn true today.
拉斐尔·洛伦特·德·诺是一位神经科学家，曾与医学领域的两位巨匠、诺贝尔奖获得者卡哈尔和巴拉尼共事。
描述洛伦特·德·诺对前庭神经科学的贡献。
详细回顾洛伦特·德·诺的出版物，并分析西班牙马德里学生宿舍科学研究拓展委员会、西班牙桑坦德马尔克斯·德·瓦尔迪西利亚大学医院瓦尔迪西利亚健康之家、美国密苏里州圣路易斯华盛顿大学贝克尔医学图书馆、美国纽约州睡谷洛克菲勒档案中心、西班牙马德里费尔南多·德·卡斯特罗档案、西班牙马德里国家图书馆以及西班牙马德里卡哈尔研究所卡哈尔遗产的档案。这些材料大多未发表，包括一百多封与洛伦特往来的信件。
洛伦特·德·诺对我们理解前庭系统做出了重大贡献。其中，他详细阐述了前庭神经的走行及其中枢投射。他将前庭眼反射描述为前庭系统中各个核团和连接整合的结果，而非简单的三神经元弧。他还强调了网状结构在眼球震颤快相产生中的作用。
洛伦特·德·诺是现代神经耳科学的先驱，为前庭神经科学做出了杰出贡献，其开创性发现至今仍具有重要价值。
