Sanchez-Burks Jeffrey
University of Michigan Business School, Ann Arbor 48109, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2002 Oct;83(4):919-29.
M. Weber (1947) proposed that exposure to Calvinist Protestantism is associated with limited attention to relational concerns in work settings. Two experiments provide support for this proposition. Study 1 showed that Protestant European Americans raised in traditions of Calvinism were less attentive to affect in spoken words when primed with a work context relative to a nonwork context, and to participants raised as Catholics in either context. Study 2 used an unconscious mimicry paradigm to measure relational focus and showed that within a work setting, male Protestants mimicked a confederate's foot shaking less than male non-Protestants and women in either group. Within a nonwork setting, male Protestants mimicked more and did not differ from male non-Protestants. Women showed greater mimicry than men.
马克斯·韦伯（1947年）提出，接触加尔文主义新教与在工作环境中对关系问题的关注有限有关。两项实验为这一观点提供了支持。研究1表明，在加尔文主义传统中成长起来的新教欧裔美国人，在以工作情境而非非工作情境为启动条件时，相对于在任何一种情境中成长为天主教徒的参与者，对口头言语中的情感关注较少。研究2使用无意识模仿范式来衡量关系焦点，结果表明，在工作环境中，男性新教徒比男性非新教徒和两组中的女性更少模仿同盟者的脚部抖动。在非工作环境中，男性新教徒模仿得更多，且与男性非新教徒没有差异。女性比男性表现出更多的模仿行为。
