Imai Enyu, Ito Takahito
Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Division of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871 Osaka, Japan.
Pediatr Nephrol. 2002 Oct;17(10):790-4. doi: 10.1007/s00467-002-0949-4. Epub 2002 Aug 16.
A considerable plasticity of adult stem cells has been confirmed in a wide variety of tissues. In particular, the pluripotency of bone marrow-derived stem cells may influence the regeneration of injured tissues and may provide novel avenues in regenerative medicine. Bone marrow contains at least hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells, and both can differentiate into a wide range of differentiated cells. Side population (SP) cells, which are originally defined in bone marrow cells by high efflux of DNA-binding dye, seem to be a new class of multipotent stem cells. Irrespective of the approach used to obtain stem cells, the fates of marrow-derived cells following bone marrow transplantation can be traced by labeling donor cells with green fluorescence protein or by identifying donor Y chromosome in female recipients. So far, bone marrow-derived cells have been reported to differentiate into renal cells, including mesangial cells, endothelial cells, podocytes, and tubular cells in the kidney, although controversy exists. Further studies are required to address this issue. Cell therapy will be promising when we learn to control stem cells such as bone marrow-derived stem cells, embryonic stem cells, and resident stem cells in the kidney. Identification of factors that support stem cells or promote their differentiation should provide a relevant step towards cell therapy.
在多种组织中已证实成体干细胞具有相当大的可塑性。特别是，骨髓来源干细胞的多能性可能会影响受损组织的再生，并可能为再生医学提供新途径。骨髓至少含有造血干细胞和间充质干细胞，两者都能分化为多种分化细胞。侧群（SP）细胞最初是通过DNA结合染料的高外流在骨髓细胞中定义的，似乎是一类新的多能干细胞。无论用于获取干细胞的方法如何，骨髓移植后骨髓来源细胞的命运都可以通过用绿色荧光蛋白标记供体细胞或通过在雌性受体中鉴定供体Y染色体来追踪。到目前为止，尽管存在争议，但已有报道称骨髓来源的细胞可分化为肾细胞，包括肾脏中的系膜细胞、内皮细胞、足细胞和肾小管细胞。需要进一步研究来解决这个问题。当我们学会控制诸如骨髓来源干细胞、胚胎干细胞和肾脏中的常驻干细胞等干细胞时，细胞治疗将大有前景。鉴定支持干细胞或促进其分化的因子应该是迈向细胞治疗的相关一步。
