Metwalli Adam R, Colvert James R, Kropp Bradley P
Pediatric Urology and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Urology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, 1100 North Lindsay, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
Curr Urol Rep. 2003 Apr;4(2):156-63. doi: 10.1007/s11934-003-0044-9.
Tissue engineering in urology is a broad term used to describe the development of alternative tissue sources for diseased or dysfunctional native urologic tissue. This article reviews the recently published techniques involving synthetic and natural biodegradable matrices alone, known as "unseeded" scaffolds, and the latest data on "seeded" scaffolds, which are impregnated with cultured cells from urologic organs. Recent discoveries in reporter gene labeling of urologic tissue are discussed as a new method to identify and track the fates of these transplanted cells in vivo. This article also investigates how these bioengineering techniques are applied to synthetic and natural scaffolds, such as polyglycolic acid and porcine small intestine submucosa, to increase bladder capacity, repair urethral strictures, and replace corporal plaques in Peyronie's disease. Furthermore, recently published reports that these materials have been seeded with chondrocytes to create corporal rods for penile prostheses and stents for ureteral and urethral stricture disease are discussed. With these latest developments as a foundation, the future directions of tissue engineering in urology are presented.
泌尿外科组织工程是一个广义术语，用于描述为患病或功能失调的天然泌尿外科组织开发替代组织来源。本文综述了最近发表的仅涉及合成和天然可生物降解基质（即所谓的“无细胞接种”支架）的技术，以及关于“细胞接种”支架的最新数据，这些支架植入了来自泌尿器官的培养细胞。本文还讨论了泌尿外科组织报告基因标记方面的最新发现，这是一种在体内识别和追踪这些移植细胞命运的新方法。本文还研究了这些生物工程技术如何应用于合成和天然支架，如聚乙醇酸和猪小肠黏膜下层，以增加膀胱容量、修复尿道狭窄以及替代佩罗尼氏病中的白膜斑块。此外，还讨论了最近发表的报告，即这些材料已接种软骨细胞以制造用于阴茎假体的白膜棒以及用于输尿管和尿道狭窄疾病的支架。基于这些最新进展，本文介绍了泌尿外科组织工程的未来发展方向。
